Modeling Evidence of Incloud Transformation Of Sulfur Dioxide to Sulfate

McNaughton, Daniel J.; Scott, Barbara A.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1980.10465946

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…T h e oxidation may proceed via m any different reactions (Cox & Penkett 1983) with recent interest favouring reactions with H 20 2. T h e average contribution of solution and oxidation to the S O f-in precipitation rem ains uncertain, b u t is regarded (Gillani & Wilson 1983;M cN aughton & Scott 1980), as a m ajor com ponent. G arlan d (1978) estim ated th at the solution and oxidation of S0 2 w ithin clouds m ay contribute ca.…”

Section: Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer to terrestrial surfaces

Fowler

1984

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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The processes by which atmospheric pollutants are transferred to the ground may be placed into two categories. Wet deposition, which includes all pollution reaching the surface in precipitation, and dry deposition which includes the sorption of gases and capture of particulate pollutants by terrestrial surfaces. The properties of each of the removal mechanisms are described for the gases SO 2 , NO 2 , HNO 3 and the atmospheric aerosols containing sulphate and nitrate. Following a description of the processes, rates of deposition appropriate for a range of vegetation and atmospheric conditions are provided. The influence of changes in the properties of absorbing surfaces due to the presence of water or for vegetation to changes in stomatal conductance is discussed. The use of transfer resistances to describe the mechanism of deposition is then extended to provide estimates of dry deposition of SO 2 on to Great Britain which are contrasted with wet deposition. The resulting maps show that over most of England, including central, eastern and southern areas, dry deposition exceeds wet deposition. For north west England, Wales and northern Scotland, particularly the large rainfall districts of the west, wet deposition exceeds dry deposition.

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Section: Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer to terrestrial surfaces

Fowler

1984

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…The tests used data for October 1977 and verification using this case was reported by McN aughton (1980), Scott (1980), andMcNaughton etal. The tests used data for October 1977 and verification using this case was reported by McN aughton (1980), Scott (1980), andMcNaughton etal.…”

Section: Case 1 -Base Casementioning

confidence: 96%

“…The need for increased in-cloud conversion rates, identified by McNaughton and Scott (1980) is accounted for by specifying a 5 % rate during precipitation events. The need for increased in-cloud conversion rates, identified by McNaughton and Scott (1980) is accounted for by specifying a 5 % rate during precipitation events.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Range Transport of Airborne Pollutants

Martin¹

1982

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“…The studies were conducted during dry periods. Following McNaughton and Scott, 24 the transformation rate for wet periods has been assumed to be 10% per hour. Figure 15 also shows that Model T includes wet and dry removal, as indicated by the horizontal arrows leaving the system either to the right (wet) or to the left (dry).…”

Section: Choices Of Model Transformation Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of Sulfate Deposition in the Middle Eastern United States: 1975, 1990, and 2010

Norris

Mueller

Langstaff³

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Deposition of airborne sulfates and nitrates is considered to be an important factor in the decline of certain fish populations and of forest health in the eastern United States. A solution has been sought through legislation that mandates significant reductions in anthropogenic emissions of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, precursors of sulfates and nitrates. This paper looks at the changes in sulfate deposition in the middle eastern United States from 1975 to 1990 and 2010 due to SO2 emission reductions brought about by 1970, 1977, and 1990 clean-air legislation. Recently developed emission inventories, together with a statistical, long-range transport model, were used to construct the estimates. The results show that sulfate deposition decreased over the middle eastern United States by about 25% between 1975 and 1990 and will decrease another 45% between 1990 and 2010-reductions commensurate with the overall decreases in SO2 emissions. The results further indicate that about half of the sulfur deposited in the environmentally sensitive southern Appalachian Mountains comes from states not a part of the southern Appalachian region. These estimates contain a measure of uncertainty due to uncertainty in emission estimates, the interannual variability of meteorology, and uncertainty arising from model assumptions and choices of oxidation and deposition rates. The model was able to reproduce about 10% of the variability in observations of wet sulfate deposition at over 100 sites over a 12-year period.

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Modeling Evidence of Incloud Transformation Of Sulfur Dioxide to Sulfate

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Transfer to terrestrial surfaces

Transfer to terrestrial surfaces

Long-Range Transport of Airborne Pollutants

Estimates of Sulfate Deposition in the Middle Eastern United States: 1975, 1990, and 2010

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