“…In recent years, different mathematical models have been proposed to analyze the spread of Wolbachia in populations, including discrete time models (Turelli , 1994;Vautrin et al , 2007;Haygood and Turelli , 2009), continuous time models (Farkas and Hinow , 2010;Keeling et al , 2003;Schofield , 2002;Hughes and Britton , 2013;Zheng et al , 2014), stochastic models (Jansen et al , 2008) and impulsive models (Zhang et al , 2015b,c). From Keeling et al (2003), the total density of mosquito populations P is subdivided into four classes, uninfected females F U , infected females F I , uninfected males M U and infected males M I .…”