Modeling intra‐ and extra‐particle processes of wood fast pyrolysis

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase

“…As known, the liquid bio-oil yield is the net result of the decomposition of biomass to condensable vapors (primary reaction), and the cracking of the condensable vapors to vapors or gases (secondary reactions). As the pyrolysis temperatures increases, both of the reactions are enhanced [29]. However, as concluded by Conti et al [30], at temperatures higher than this optimum temperature, secondary reactions in the gas phase are very fast, leading to over cracking of the products formed, and, therefore, resulting in a reduced liquid yield.…”

Thermal decomposition kinetics of natural fibers: Activation energy with dynamic thermogravimetric analysis

“…Diebold [20] later developed an elaborate seven-step global kinetics scheme for cellulose pyrolysis. Orfao et al [21] introduced three independent reactions' model to pyrolysis kinetics of some lignocellulosic materials, while Di Blasi [22] used three parallel reactions to describe the fast pyrolysis process of wood. More recently, Chen et al [9] employed a two-step consecutive reaction model for some forest fuels.…”

Heat transfer-limited flash pyrolysis of woody biomass: Overall reaction rate and time analysis using an integral model with experimental support

“…Some researchers have shown mathematically under various conditions the approximate particle sizes for which limiting phenomena are in transition [18][19][20]. Characteristic time analyses have also been performed to validate assumptions concerning the negligibility of certain effects [13,[21][22][23][24]. Under conditions of high external heat flux, it has been shown that thermally thick, or heat-transfer limited conditions apply to practical particle sizes with respect to entrained flow gasification and pulverized fuel combustion even though total time for the pyrolysis reaction is in the second or sub-second range.…”

“…Considering a single-step global reaction model (Biomass à Volatiles + Char) for the experimental results obtained in this study, activation energies are in the range of 75-114 kJ/mol and are only in partial agreement with the reported values from Di Blasi [23], probably due to the inclusion of the effects of secondary reactions and drying. This wide range in the literature reveals how unreliable simple global models are despite their ubiquitous use.…”