Modeling inventory and environmental impacts of car maintenance and repair: A case study of Ford Focus passenger car

Danilecki, K.; Eliasz, Jacek; Smurawski, Piotr; Stanek, Wojciech; Szlęk, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128085

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The obtained functions present the cumulative burdens of the maintenance phase expressed as eco-indicator points. The thorough maintenance inventory and the assumptions of the LCA model were presented elsewhere, in the authors' previous paper (Danilecki et al) [6]. The estimated impact of some maintenance scenarios turned out to be even twice as big as the influence reported in other studies, mainly due to the effect of customers reporting for maintenance (that effect was previously considered to be negligible).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Optimization of Car Use Time for Different Maintenance and Repair Scenarios Based on Life Cycle Assessment

Danilecki,

Smurawski,

Urbanowicz

2023

Applied Sciences

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New propulsion technologies and the development of electromobility increase the environmental efficiency of the transport sector. However, the current structure of car fleets with a large number of old cars with worse environmental parameters undermines the benefits of technological progress in the automotive industry. Older cars may require a more extensive service, involving a thorough overhaul, repair or even replacement of many parts. The result of using additional resources is a deterioration of environmental performance. This study considers various maintenance and repair scenarios and focuses on the use phase using the example of the popular Ford Focus passenger car model. The life cycle optimization model was used for environmental assessment, which determines the optimal duration of the car use phase, accounting for detailed service information and the type and environmental efficiency class of the different fuel versions. This model can be an effective tool for car fleet management and car replacement policy. Detailed life cycle inventories of 40 Ford Focus II diesel and petrol cars that represent all maintenance and repairs are the inputs to the life cycle optimization model. The inventory data were provided by the Ford Service Center in Szczecin (Poland), which regularly serviced the cars with a mileage of up to 200,000 km. Inventory at other stages of the cars’ life cycles was modeled using Ecoinvent data. The results show that by considering these vehicle servicing aspects on the basis of more detailed data, impact assessments are better represented compared to other studies. Depending on the replacement policy, the contribution of vehicle maintenance and repair can account for almost half of the cumulative life cycle burdens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The replacement optimization used LCA data from an earlier project from Danilecki et al [6]. That paper presents the procedures of data collection and impact assessment at successive stages of the life cycle.…”

Section: Environmental Profiles Of Life Cycle Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Car Use Time for Different Maintenance and Repair Scenarios Based on Life Cycle Assessment

Danilecki,

Smurawski,

Urbanowicz

2023

Applied Sciences

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“…The maintenance of a new passenger car is a process that includes the regular technical inspection of the vehicle to detect and eliminate faults [1]. It is also preventive maintenance to maintain the vehicle's performance and keep all the installed systems in operation [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth emphasizing that too frequent and poorly selected service intervals unnecessarily expose car users to additional costs of time and money [11]. Overly long service intervals increase the likelihood of failure to detect faults and can ultimately lead to serious mechanical failures [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Correct Frequency of the Service Inspections of German Passenger Cars—A Case Study on Kazakhstan and Poland

Nurkusheva,

Bembenek,

Berdychowski

et al. 2024

Vehicles

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This article presents a case study on estimating the real service inspection intervals for German-brand passenger cars in Kazakhstan and Poland. This study aimed to identify disparities between the official recommendations of manufacturers for car maintenance and the real data collected in these two countries. The following passenger cars were examined: Audi A6, Q5, and Q8; Porsche Cayenne and Cayenne coupe; and Volkswagen Passat, Polo, Teramont, Tiguan, Touareg, Arteon, Golf, T-Cross, Tiguan all space, Touran, T-Roc, and Up. To assess the difference between real and recommended values, the manufacturer criteria of a recommended mileage of 15,000 and 30,000 km or a time frame of 365 and 730 days to the first service inspection were applied. The data analysis showed that in Kazakhstan, 31.4% of cars did not meet the warranty conditions, while in Poland, it was 21.0%. The dominant criterion that was not met was the time criterion. The assessment of these factors emphasizes the importance of customizing vehicle maintenance schedules to the specific conditions and driving behaviors prevalent in each country. The practical contribution of the article lies in uncovering the discrepancies between official manufacturer recommendations for car maintenance and the actual data collected in Kazakhstan and Poland. By identifying specific models, Volkswagen Touareg and Tiguan in Kazakhstan and Volkswagen Up in Poland, for which the maintenance intervals deviated significantly from those recommended, this study offers valuable insights for optimizing service schedules and improving the efficiency of maintenance practices in these countries. From a scientific perspective, this article contributes by providing empirical evidence of real-world maintenance behaviors for German-brand passenger cars.

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“…Expanding the duration of the use-phase in a product's life cycle represents a wellknown strategy to improve its environmental performance, because it avoids consuming fresh resources for a new product [3]. However, this is not true if the replaced product has better environmental performance, as is the case with the new electric cars, or if the old product's usage generates higher levels of pollution and environmental impacts (as compared to the new version) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging Passenger Car Fleet Structure, Dynamics, and Environmental Performance Evaluation at the Regional Level by Life Cycle Assessment

2022

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The need to limit climate change and to improve air quality clearly is a driver for technology and policy changes in the transport sector. This study investigates how this technology shift at the European level ages personal car fleets at the regional level in Romania through second-hand imports. It also asks what how the situation will evolve in terms of environmental impacts. The study presents an in-depth assessment of the environmental performance and evolution of the passenger car fleet in Iasi County (Romania). The analysis is based on the car fleet structure and dynamic statistics, and uses the Copert 5.5 model to estimate the specific use-phase emissions, which subsequently are used as input data into an LCA analysis. The study considers three scenarios regarding fleet evolution and environmental performance, and focuses solely on the use phase of passenger cars. It models exhaust emissions in various driving situations (rural, urban, hot-cold operation, and peak-offpeak traffic values) and considers the current environmental performance classes and age of vehicles in the fleet. The results show that by considering these vehicle performance aspects, impacts are better represented. The no-change scenario would lead to a 2.5 times increase of global warming impacts by 2035 as compared to 2020, while by limiting the import of used cars and increasing the share of electric and hybrid vehicles would lead to mitigating these impacts.

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Modeling inventory and environmental impacts of car maintenance and repair: A case study of Ford Focus passenger car

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Optimization of Car Use Time for Different Maintenance and Repair Scenarios Based on Life Cycle Assessment

Optimization of Car Use Time for Different Maintenance and Repair Scenarios Based on Life Cycle Assessment

An Analysis of the Correct Frequency of the Service Inspections of German Passenger Cars—A Case Study on Kazakhstan and Poland

Aging Passenger Car Fleet Structure, Dynamics, and Environmental Performance Evaluation at the Regional Level by Life Cycle Assessment

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