Modeling liquid penetration into porous materials based on substrate and liquid surface energies

Waldner, Carina; Hirn, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.116

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…To ensure a viable measurement, the Dataphysics OCA200 device and the homemade setup were tested with deionized water in advance of the measurements. Details on the calibration can be obtained in the Supporting Information . Surface tension of n -heptane was taken from Jasper at 20.14 mN·m –1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical Properties of 20 Ionic Liquids Prepared by the Carbonate-Based IL (CBILS) Process

Pachernegg,

Maier,

Yagmur

et al. 2024

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Ionic liquids (ILs) are an emerging materials' class with applications in areas such as energy storage, catalysis, and biomass dissolution and processing. Their physicochemical properties including surface tension, viscosity, density and their interplay between cation and anion chemistry are decisive in these applications. For many commercially available ILs, a full set of physicochemical data is not available. Here, we extend the knowledge base by providing physicochemical properties such as density (20 and 25 °C), refractive index (20 and 25 °C), surface tension (23 °C, including polar and dispersive components), and shear viscosity (ambient atmosphere, shear rate 1−200 s −1 ), for 20 commercial ILs. A correlation between the crystal volume, dispersive surface tension, and shear viscosity is introduced as a predictive tool, allowing for viscosity estimation. Systematic exploration of cation/anion alkyl side chain lengths reveals the impact on the IL's physicochemical attributes. Increasing the anion's headgroup decreases surface tension up to 35.7% and consequently shear viscosity. We further demonstrate that the dispersive part of the surface tension linearly correlates with the refractive index of the ionic liquid. While we provide additional physicochemical data, the screening and modeling efforts will contribute to better structure property predictions enabling faster progress in design and applications of ILs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details on the calibration can be obtained in the Supporting Information . 19 Surface tension of n -heptane was taken from Jasper 20 at 20.14 mN·m –1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of 20 Ionic Liquids Prepared by the Carbonate-Based IL (CBILS) Process

Pachernegg,

Maier,

Yagmur

et al. 2024

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…The surface free energy parameters of the two tested liquids are known, as shown in Table 6. According to the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble method [24], the surface free energy of CFRP can be calculated from the joint Equations ( 2) and (3). In Equations ( 2) and (3), γ L is the surface free energy of the test liquid, θ is the contact angle, γ d S and γ p S are the polar and dispersion components of the surface free energy of CFRP, γ d L and γ p L are the polar and dispersion components of the surface free energy of the test liquid, and γ S is the total surface free energy of CFRP.…”

Section: Characterization Of Surface Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble method [24], the dispersion component, polar component, and total surface free energy of the CFRP surface at different LTP treatment distances are calculated, as shown in Figure 9. The surface free energy of polymers is primarily composed of polar and dispersion components.…”

Section: Surface Wettability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and Mechanism Study of Bonding Properties of CFRP/Al7075 Single-Lap Joints by Low-Temperature Plasma Surface Treatment

Wen,

Wang,

2024

Coatings

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This paper studied favorable low-temperature plasma (LTP) surface treatment modes for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)/Al7075 single-lap joints using complex experimental methods and analyzed the failure modes of the joints. The surface physicochemical properties of CFRP after LTP surface treatment were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle tests, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The influence mechanism of LTP surface treatment on the bonding properties of CFRP/Al7075 single-lap Joint was studied. The results of the complex experiment and range analysis showed that the favorable LTP surface treatment parameters were a speed of 10 mm/s, a distance of 10 mm, and three repeat scans. At these parameters, the shear strength of the joints reached 30.76 MPa, a 102.8% improvement compared to the untreated group. The failure mode of the joints shifted from interface failure to substrate failure. After low-temperature plasma surface treatment with favorable parameters, the CFRP surface exhibited gully like textures, which enhanced the mechanical interlocking between the CFRP surface and the adhesive. Additionally, the surface free energy of CFRP significantly increased, reaching a maximum of 78.77 mJ/m2. XPS results demonstrated that the low-temperature plasma surface treatment led to a significant increase in the content of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as C-O, C=O, and O-C=O, on the CFRP surface.

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“…Furthermore, the water uptake of the fibres also affects the wetting dynamics and must be considered when working with hydrophilic materials (Kissa 1981; Kawase et al 1986). In addition to the Lucas-Washburn equation, a novel approach (Lavi and Marmur 2006;Waldner and Hirn 2023) describes the dynamics of penetration by separately considering the properties of the substrate and the liquid. This alternative approach offers a simpler and more feasible method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of viscose fibre properties on the absorbency of feminine hygiene tampons: the pivotal role of cross-sectional geometry

Harter,

Wagner,

Wolfbauer

et al. 2023

Cellulose

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Feminine hygiene products, used by millions of women worldwide on a daily basis, come in various forms. Among them, tampons are a prominent type that aims to absorb menstrual blood directly in the vagina. However, the underlying mechanisms governing liquid absorption in tampons have received limited research attention and remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate these mechanisms by examining the two main types of viscose fibres used in tampons and their effects when employed in tampon production. The sole distinction between the fibre types lies in their geometric shape—round or trilobal—while all other fibre parameters remain constant. To explore these mechanisms, tampon proxies made from these fibres were created and subjected to tests measuring liquid absorption. In addition, a novel method employing infrared thermography was utilized to infer the stored energy within the compressed tampon. Furthermore, individual fibres were characterised for chemical composition, surface properties, fine structure, liquid interaction, mechanical parameters, and friction behaviour. The results revealed that trilobal fibres exhibited higher tampon absorbency compared to their round counterparts, despite sharing similar chemical composition and comparable mechanical characteristics. This disparity can be attributed to the greater specific surface area of trilobal fibres, leading to enhanced liquid uptake through fibre swelling. However, single fibre swelling only accounted for a minor fraction of the total liquid absorbency of a tampon. The most influential fibre parameter was the geometric shape, as trilobal fibres facilitated the construction and maintenance of a bulkier network with increased available volume for liquid absorption. Graphic abstract

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Modeling liquid penetration into porous materials based on substrate and liquid surface energies

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Physicochemical Properties of 20 Ionic Liquids Prepared by the Carbonate-Based IL (CBILS) Process

Physicochemical Properties of 20 Ionic Liquids Prepared by the Carbonate-Based IL (CBILS) Process

Optimization and Mechanism Study of Bonding Properties of CFRP/Al7075 Single-Lap Joints by Low-Temperature Plasma Surface Treatment

The influence of viscose fibre properties on the absorbency of feminine hygiene tampons: the pivotal role of cross-sectional geometry

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