Modeling of 1-dimensional steady flow in volcanic conduits: a review

Abstract

This paper reviews theoretical studies on the 1 dimensional steady flow in volcanic conduits. Modeling of 1 dimensional steady flow enables us to understand the relationship between the dynamics of magma ascent and diverse features of volcanic eruptions. The numerical results of the conduit flow model largely change by incorporating various effects such as vertical change of conduit radius, relative velocity between gas and liquid phases, gas escape from magma, magma viscosity change due to vesiculation and crystallization, and magma fragmentation due to gas overpressure in bubbles. The multiple steady solutions in some models explain some observed diversities in the eruption styles for given magma properties and geological conditions. Analytical solutions are important to understand relative importance of the parameters.