Modeling of a District Heating System and Optimal Heat-Power Flow

Yang, Wentao; Wen, Fushuan; Wang, Ke; Huang, Yuchun; Salam, Md. Abdus

doi:10.3390/en11040929

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Numerical studies of pre-insulated heating networks can be made on the basis of one-dimensional [17][18][19][20], two-dimensional [15,21], and three-dimensional [12,22] analytical or numerical models. For the purpose of this work, in order to perform numerical calculations, a calculation program of stationary two-dimensional heat conduction written in Fortran using the boundary element method was used, the verification of which was presented in References [10,14].…”

Section: Optimization Of the Shape Of The Thermal Insulation For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Heat Losses in a Pre-Insulated Network Located in Central Poland by Lowering the Operating Temperature of the Water and the Use of Egg-shaped Thermal Insulation: A Case Study

Krawczyk

Teleszewski

2019

Energies

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This paper presents possible variants of reducing the heat loss in an existing heating network made from single pre-insulated pipes located in central Europe. In order to achieve this aim, simulations were carried out for five different variants related to the modification of the network operation temperature, replacement of a single network with a double pre-insulated one, and changes in the cross-section geometry of the thermal insulation of the double heating network from circular to egg-shaped. The proposed egg-shaped thermal insulation was obtained by modifying the shape of the Cassini oval, in that the supply pipe has a greater insulation thickness compared to the return pipe. The larger insulation field in the supply pipe contributed to reducing the heat flux density around the supply line and, as a result, to significantly reducing heat loss. The egg-shaped thermal insulation described in the publication in a mathematical formula can be used in practice. This work compares the heat losses for the presented variants and determines the ecological effect. Heat losses were determined using the boundary element method (BEM), using a proprietary computer program written as part of the VIPSKILLS 2016-1-PL01-KA203-026152 project Erasmus+.

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Section: Optimization Of the Shape Of The Thermal Insulation For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Heat Losses in a Pre-Insulated Network Located in Central Poland by Lowering the Operating Temperature of the Water and the Use of Egg-shaped Thermal Insulation: A Case Study

Krawczyk

Teleszewski

2019

Energies

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“…Although the Authors did not mention it, the unit exergy mismatch between electric power and thermal power, especially in low-temperature district heating systems, is significant. Therefore, an exergy balance also becomes more critical in optimizing the flows [35]. Suna et al devised an experimental radiator with flat heat pipes to form a better radiant surface on both sides with enhanced heat transfer between the heat pipes and the front and back panels [36].…”

Section: Low-temperature District Energy Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Benefits of Heat Pipe Technology for Achieving 100% Renewable Heating and Cooling for Fifth-Generation, Low-Temperature District Heating Systems

Kılkış

Çağlar²,

Sengul³

2021

Energies

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This paper addresses the challenges the policymakers face concerning the EU decarbonization and total electrification roadmaps towards the Paris Agreement set forth to solve the global warming problem within the framework of a 100% renewable heating and cooling target. A new holistic model was developed based on the Rational Exergy Management Model (REMM). This model optimally solves the energy and exergy conflicts between the benefits of using widely available, low-temperature, low-exergy waste and renewable energy sources, like solar energy, and the inability of existing heating equipment, which requires higher exergy to cope with such low temperatures. In recognition of the challenges of retrofitting existing buildings in the EU stock, most of which are more than fifty years old, this study has developed a multi-pronged solution set. The first prong is the development of heating and cooling equipment with heat pipes that may be customized for supply temperatures as low as 35 °C in heating and as high as 17 °C in cooling, by which equipment oversizing is kept minimal, compared to standard equipment like conventional radiators or fan coils. It is shown that circulating pump capacity requirements are also minimized, leading to an overall reduction of CO2 emissions responsibility in terms of both direct, avoidable, and embodied terms. In this respect, a new heat pipe radiator prototype is presented, performance analyses are given, and the results are compared with a standard radiator. Comparative results show that such a new heat pipe radiator may be less than half of the weight of the conventional radiator, which needs to be oversized three times more to operate at 35 °C below the rated capacity. The application of heat pipes in renewable energy systems with the highest energy efficiency and exergy rationality establishes the second prong of the paper. A next-generation solar photo-voltaic-thermal (PVT) panel design is aimed to maximize the solar exergy utilization and minimize the exergy destruction taking place between the heating equipment. This solar panel design has an optimum power to heat ratio at low temperatures, perfectly fitting the heat pipe radiator demand. This design eliminates the onboard circulation pump, includes a phase-changing material (PCM) layer and thermoelectric generator (TEG) units for additional power generation, all sandwiched in a single panel. As a third prong, the paper introduces an optimum district sizing algorithm for minimum CO2 emissions responsibility for low-temperature heating systems by minimizing the exergy destructions. A solar prosumer house example is given addressing the three prongs with a heat pipe radiator system, next-generation solar PVT panels on the roof, and heat piped on-site thermal energy storage (TES). Results showed that total CO2 emissions responsibility is reduced by 96.8%. The results are discussed, aiming at recommendations, especially directed to policymakers, to satisfy the Paris Agreement.

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“…A lot of researchers have made their contributions to the modeling of MSDHS [4][5] [6]. Yang et al separated the district heating system (DHS) into three major parts: the straight pipe, four kinds of local pipes, and the radiator [7]. Their work built a steady-state model of the DHS that included hydraulic and thermal sub-models.…”

Section: A Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load Distribution Optimization of Multi-Source District Heating System Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

et al. 2020

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Modeling of a District Heating System and Optimal Heat-Power Flow

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Reduction of Heat Losses in a Pre-Insulated Network Located in Central Poland by Lowering the Operating Temperature of the Water and the Use of Egg-shaped Thermal Insulation: A Case Study

Reduction of Heat Losses in a Pre-Insulated Network Located in Central Poland by Lowering the Operating Temperature of the Water and the Use of Egg-shaped Thermal Insulation: A Case Study

Energy Benefits of Heat Pipe Technology for Achieving 100% Renewable Heating and Cooling for Fifth-Generation, Low-Temperature District Heating Systems

Load Distribution Optimization of Multi-Source District Heating System Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

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