Modeling of bit error rate in cascaded 2R regenerators

Abstract

Abstract-This paper presents a simple and efficient model for estimating the bit error rate (BER) in a cascade of optical reamplification and reshaping (2R) regenerators. The model includes the influences of amplifier noise, finite extinction ratio (ER), and nonlinear reshaping. The interplay between the different signal impairments and the regenerating nonlinearity is investigated. It is shown that an increase in nonlinearity can compensate for an increase in noise figure or decrease in signal power. Furthermore, the influence of the improvement in signal ER along the cascade and the importance of choosing the proper threshold of the nonlinearity are investigated.

Slow and fast light: Controlling the speed of light using semiconductor waveguides

“…We show below that this is indeed possible and besides resulting in net gain it also allows control of the amplitude of the output signal. In addition, the cascading of several alternating gain and absorber sections may result in a reduction of the noise [23,24].…”

10 Gb/s-NRZ Optical 2R-Regeneration in Two-Section SOA-EA Chip

“…It is shown that a receiver-sensitivity improvement of 4 dB at a BER of 10 -9 in the case of signal with ER = 3.87 dB, while for ER = 6.79 dB an improvement of 2 dB is achieved. With these results a BER improvement in a cascade regenerator [5] is demonstrated. OSNR measurements results are given in Fig.…”

Steep and adjustable transfer functions of monolithic SOA-EA 2R regenerators

“…In order to reduce this effect, the first SOA in the device should have as large a gain as possible [11]. Furthermore, the increase in nonlinearity can, if large enough, compensate for the higher noise figure by improving the redistribution of noise [6], [12]. In Fig.…”

“…The important properties of the intensity transfer function are large attainable ER, strong nonlinearity, and the possibility to adjust the power threshold that separates the one-and zerolevels [6]. In this letter, we demonstrate experimentally that these properties are achieved in the SOA-EA regenerator by concatenating several amplifying and absorbing sections and by using proper bias conditions.…”