Modeling of cigarette smoke constituents - From intense to less intense smoking regime

Verron, Thomas; Julien, Rémi; Cahours, Xavier; Colard, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.09.015

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, studies have mainly focused on the emission characteristics of toxicants from a single product or on a comparison between two types of products. For instance, the toxic elements (mercury, chromium, cadmium, and lead), VOCs, carbonyl compounds, and PAHs in main-and side-stream smoke of cigarettes have been analysed [1][2][3][4]8]. The research results of Pack et al, indicated that CO and VOCs were the main emissions from cigarettes [1,2].…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emission of VOCs and CO from Heated Tobacco Products, Electronic Cigarettes, and Conventional Cigarettes, and Their Health Risk

Chen³

et al. 2021

Toxics

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The differences in aerosol composition between new tobacco types (heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes) and conventional cigarettes have not been systematically studied. In this study, the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), nicotine, and tar from heated tobacco products (HTPs), electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and conventional cigarettes were compared, and their health risks were evaluated by applying the same smoking regime and a loss mechanism of smoking. Twenty VOCs were identified in aerosols from HTPs, 18 VOCs were identified in aerosols from e-cigarettes, and 97 VOCs were identified in aerosols from cigarettes by GC–MS and HPLC analysis. The concentrations of total VOCs (TVOCs) emitted by the three types of tobacco products decreased as follows: e-cigarettes (795.4 mg/100 puffs) > cigarettes (83.29 mg/100 puffs) > HTPs (15.65 mg/100 puffs). The nicotine content was 24.63 ± 2.25 mg/100 puffs for e-cigarettes, 22.94 ± 0.03 mg/100 puffs for cigarettes, and 8.817 ± 0.500 mg/100 puffs for HTPs. When using cigarettes of the same brand, the mass concentrations of VOCs, tar, and CO emitted by HTPs were approximately 81.2%, 95.9%, and 97.5%, respectively, lower than the amounts emitted by cigarettes. The health risk results demonstrated that the noncarcinogenic risk of the three types of tobacco products decreased as follows: cigarettes (3609.05) > HTPs (2449.70) > acceptable level (1) > e-cigarettes (0.91). The lifetime cancer risk (LCR) decreased as follows: cigarettes (2.99 × 10−4) > HTPs (9.92 × 10−5) > e-cigarettes (4.80 × 10−5) > acceptable level (10−6). In general, HTPs and e-cigarettes were less harmful than cigarettes when the emission of VOCs and CO was considered.

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Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emission of VOCs and CO from Heated Tobacco Products, Electronic Cigarettes, and Conventional Cigarettes, and Their Health Risk

Chen³

et al. 2021

Toxics

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“…37 The higher free radical and nicotine yields under the CI regimen may be attributed to a machinesmoking protocol including larger total puff volume, puff frequency, and blocked filter vents compared to ISO. 16,38,39 Here, we reported for the first time the levels of free radical and nicotine yields in mainstream smoke of Chinese cigarettes. Both gas-and particulate-phase radical yields of 3R4F and 1R6F reference cigarettes in this study were similar to those measured in our previous study under both ISO and CI methods.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…These results corroborated the findings of a great deal of the previous work on cigarettes in other countries. ,,, For example, a study on Korean cigarettes was conducted to test 25 compounds containing nicotine and other toxic constituents from five domestic brands and consistently found that most of the constituents showed a tendency to be detected at levels 2–4 times higher under the CI regime than under the ISO regime . The higher free radical and nicotine yields under the CI regimen may be attributed to a machine-smoking protocol including larger total puff volume, puff frequency, and blocked filter vents compared to ISO. ,, …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Radical and Nicotine Yields in Mainstream Smoke of Chinese Marketed Cigarettes: Variation with Smoking Regimens and Cigarette Brands

Lei

Goel

Sun

et al. 2020

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Free radicals and nicotine are components of cigarette smoke that are thought to contribute to the development of smokinginduced diseases. China has the largest number of smokers in the world, yet little is known about the yields of tobacco smoke constituents in different Chinese brands of cigarettes. In this study, gas-phase and particulate-phase free radicals as well as nicotine yields were quantified in mainstream cigarette smoke from five popular Chinese brands and two research cigarettes (3R4F and 1R6F). Mainstream smoke was generated under International Organization of Standardization (ISO) and Canadian Intense (CI) smoking regimens using a linear smoking machine. Levels of free radicals and nicotine were measured by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection, respectively. Under the ISO puffing regimen, Chinese brand cigarettes produced an average of 3.0 ± 1.2 nmol/cig gas-phase radicals, 118 ± 44.7 pmol/cig particulate-phase radicals, and 0.6 ± 0.2 mg/cig nicotine. Under the CI puffing regimen, Chinese brand cigarettes produced an average of 5.6 ± 1.2 nmol/cig gas-phase radicals, 282 ± 92.1 pmol/cig particulate-phase radicals, and 2.1 ± 0.4 mg/cig nicotine. Overall, both gas-and particulate-phase free radicals were substantially lower compared to the research cigarettes under both regimens, whereas no significant differences were observed for nicotine levels. When Chinese brands were compared, the highest free radical and nicotine yields were found in "LL" and "BS" brands, while lowest levels were found in "YY". These results suggested that the lower radical delivery by Chinese cigarettes compared to United States reference cigarettes may be associated with reductions in oxidant-related harm.

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Development of a standardized new cigarette smoke generating (SNCSG) system for the assessment of chemicals in the smoke of new cigarette types (heat-not-burn (HNB) tobacco and electronic cigarettes (E-Cigs))

Kim

2020

Environmental Research

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Modeling of cigarette smoke constituents - From intense to less intense smoking regime

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The Emission of VOCs and CO from Heated Tobacco Products, Electronic Cigarettes, and Conventional Cigarettes, and Their Health Risk

The Emission of VOCs and CO from Heated Tobacco Products, Electronic Cigarettes, and Conventional Cigarettes, and Their Health Risk

Free Radical and Nicotine Yields in Mainstream Smoke of Chinese Marketed Cigarettes: Variation with Smoking Regimens and Cigarette Brands

Development of a standardized new cigarette smoke generating (SNCSG) system for the assessment of chemicals in the smoke of new cigarette types (heat-not-burn (HNB) tobacco and electronic cigarettes (E-Cigs))

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