Modeling of Energy Demand and Savings Associated with the Use of Epoxy-Phase Change Material Formulations

Abstract

This manuscript integrates the experimental findings of recently developed epoxy-phase change material (PCM) formulations with modeling efforts aimed to determine the energy demands and savings derived from their use. The basic PCM system employed was composed of an epoxy resin, a thickening agent, and nonadecane, where the latter was the hydrocarbon undergoing the phase transformation. Carbon nanofibers (CNF) and boron nitride (BN) particulates were used as heat flow enhancers. The thermal conductivities, densities, and latent heat determined in laboratory settings were introduced in a model that calculated, using EnergyPlus software, the energy demands, savings and temperature profiles of the interior and the walls of a shelter for six different locations on Earth. A shipping container was utilized as exemplary dwelling. Results indicated that all the epoxy-PCM formulations had a positive impact on the total energy savings (between 16% and 23%) for the locations selected. The use of CNF and BN showed an increase in performance when compared with the formulation with no thermal filler additives. The formulations selected showed great potential to reduce the energy demands, increase savings, and result in more adequate temperatures for living and storage spaces applications.

Effect of Phase-Change Materials on Laboratory-Made Insoles: Analysis of Environmental Conditions

“…The results underline the potential use of PCM to control heat exchange within commercial insoles and the use of epoxy resins as a material to control heat exchange [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. There are few references to PCM in the context of footwear [ 30 , 31 ] in which different materials are employed for heat control.…”

Sicak Bi̇r Yaz Gününde FDM Duvarli Konteyneri̇n Isil Davranişinin İncelenmesi̇

“…On the other hand, energy saving is an important factor for living units. Arce et al (2020) have simulated the effects of three PCM configurations in the structure of a container, considering the ambient conditions of three cities in the USA and three cities in Spain. These cities are Abiline, Albuquerque, Barstow, Cordoba, Tenerife, and Yuma.…”