Modeling of HVDC Tie Links and Their Utilization in AGC/LFC Operations of Multiarea Power Systems

This article highlights the dynamic model of an accurate high‐voltage direct current (AHVDC) using inertia emulation control strategy of a transmission line in automatic generation control (AGC) of a multiarea different source system. The three‐area system composes of thermal and precise wind turbine system using fixed and random wind velocities in areas 1 and 2. Area 3 composes of thermal and solar thermal power plants. Governor dead band and appropriate generation rate constraints are considered for thermal systems. A new fractional‐order cascaded controller named as fractional‐order proportional‐integral cascaded with fractional‐order integral derivative with filter (FOPI‐FOIDN) is used as a secondary controller. The controller gains and other parameters are optimized by using crow search algorithm in AGC studies for the first time. Comparison of system dynamics with various fractional‐order controllers and proposed FOPI‐FOIDN controller while considering one at a time reveals better dynamic performance of the latter. Comparison of dynamic response of the system with AC tie‐line, AHVDC tie‐line, and parallel combination of AC‐AHVDC tie‐lines while considering one at a time reveals better performance of the latter. The optimum location of AHVDC tie‐line in parallel AC tie‐line is found in the area where the system is disturbed.

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“…The whole system is subjected to disturbance d 1 (s) and produces the output Y(s). The outer loop equations are given by (26).…”

Section: Fo Proportional-integral-fo Integral Derivative With Filtementioning

confidence: 99%

“…If this mismatch is hampered, it leads to deviations in tie‐power and frequency from actual values . Many research articles are available on AGC in the past . The early works on AGC started with single‐area thermal system and further extended to multiarea thermal systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AGC of a multiarea system incorporating accurate HVDC and precise wind turbine systems

Babu

Saikia

2019

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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“…Many advanced forms of AGC schemes have been witnessed by using intelligent concepts, such as neural networks, 17‐19 fuzzy logic, 20‐22 particle swarm optimization, 23‐25 genetic algorithm (GA), 9,26‐33 honey bee algorithms, 34 gravitational search algorithm, 35,36 BAT algorithms, 37,38 Jaya algorithm, 39,40 whale algorithm 41 , fruit fly algorithm, 42 and so on, which are very effective and efficient in AGC controller design rather than using conventional AGC design techniques. Recently, few works have addressed some deficiencies in GA performance due to premature convergence of this algorithm, which downgrades its search capability 43…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power system structural changes due to variations of types of generation, MW of generation and scheduled load demand, however, were not incorporated in References 1–40, 44–48. Therefore, this article presents a novel AGC study of design and performance investigation of generation‐based PID structured AGC controller in 2‐area multisources power system with power generation of using hydro, thermal, and gas based energy sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation‐based automatic generation control with multisources power system using bacterial foraging algorithm

Hakimuddin

Nasiruddin

Bhatti

2020

Engineering Reports

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This article presents an application of bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) for design and implementation of generation‐based PID structured automatic generation control (AGC) in a 2‐area multisources power system with hydro, thermal, and gas power plants incorporated in each area. Most of AGC studies carried out so far have considered the initial system loading to be equal to 50% of the area generation capacity. But, AGC controller parameters are uncertain due to stochastic nature of power demand of the end users. Hence, in this article, the design of AGC controller is proposed on the basis of generation schedule by incorporating changes in power system gain constant, power system time constant, frequency bias constant, and so on. The dynamic responses of power system with BFA tuned AGC controller are compared with the genetic algorithm tuned AGC controller. The parameters of the controllers are evaluated by using these techniques and investigations are carried out to find the best performance of the system. Therefore, it is desirable to find the parameters of the generation‐based controller depending upon the contribution of its constituent hydro, thermal, and gas energy sources in the total power generation.

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“…This is achieved by adjusting the generator sets under the condition of continuously adjustable active power, ensuring that the power generation and load power is matched for the whole system. The grid structure of the power system has increased with the deployment of diverse power system technologies including high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission [6], flexible AC transmission technology [7], photovoltaic and wind power generation systems [8], and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) [9]. Nevertheless, the negative effects containing, voltage fluctuation, electric power harmonic pollution, and complex dynamic characteristics [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance Observer-Based Prescribed Performance Fault-Tolerant Control for a Multi-Area Interconnected Power System with a Hybrid Energy Storage System

Dong

Zhang

et al. 2020

Energies

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The goal of this study is to develop a disturbance observer-based prescribed performance fault-tolerant controller (PPFTC) for a multi-area interconnected power system (MIPS) with a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). The mathematical model of the MIPS with HESS is introduced first. Then the load disturbance estimation is obtained using a disturbance observer (DO) approach. By introducing two additional functions, the tracking error is bounded to achieve the desired response. The PPFTC is further developed based on the DO ensuring that the area control error (ACE) of the MIPS asymptotically converges to zero. Finally, the effectiveness of the given PPFTC and DO are inspected through the use of the Lyapunov theory and simulated results.

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Modeling of HVDC Tie Links and Their Utilization in AGC/LFC Operations of Multiarea Power Systems

Cited by 78 publications

References 25 publications

AGC of a multiarea system incorporating accurate HVDC and precise wind turbine systems

AGC of a multiarea system incorporating accurate HVDC and precise wind turbine systems

Generation‐based automatic generation control with multisources power system using bacterial foraging algorithm

Disturbance Observer-Based Prescribed Performance Fault-Tolerant Control for a Multi-Area Interconnected Power System with a Hybrid Energy Storage System

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