Modeling of Hydrogen Blending on the Leakage and Diffusion of Urban Buried Hydrogen-Enriched Natural Gas Pipeline

Abstract

With the introduction of various carbon reduction policies around the world, hydrogen energy, as a kind of clean energy with zero carbon emission, has attracted much attention. The safe and economical transportation of hydrogen is of great significance to the development of hydrogen energy industries. Utilizing natural gas pipelines to transport hydrogen is considered to be an efficient and economical way. However, hydrogen has a higher risk of leakage due to its strong diffusion capacity and lower explosive limit than conventional natural gas. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the leakage and diffusion law of hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) pipelines for the safe transportation of hydrogen energy. In this study, the leakage and diffusion characteristics of urban buried HENG pipelines are investigated numerically, and the dangerous degree of leakage is analyzed based on the time and area when the gas concentration reaches the lower explosive limit. The influences of hydrogen blending ratio (HBR), operating pressure, leakage hole size and direction, as well as soil type on the leakage and diffusion law of HENG are analyzed. Results show that the hydrogen mixing is not the key factor in increasing the degree of risk after gas leakage for urban buried HENG pipelines. When the HBR is 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, the corresponding first dangerous time is 1053, 1041, 1019 and 998 s, respectively. This work is expected to provide a valuable reference for the safe operation and risk prevention of HENG pipelines in the future.

CFD Investigation of Diffusion Law and Harmful Boundary of Buried Natural Gas Pipeline in the Mountainous Environment

“…Based on constant parameters, simulations were performed by changing the leakage direction to 90°and 180°, respectively. And the center of the leakage hole at 90°and 180°leakage directions is roughly (3, 0.38, −3) and (2.5, 0.9, −3), based on the leakage direction, which changes the location of the leakage hole [25,29]. The diffusion cloud of the gas after 60 s of leakage from different direction is shown in Fig.…”

“…It should be noted that the usage of one-dimensional models is prone to substantial mistakes [21]. Because of the advantages of using computer simulation technology and the findings of numerous experimental research, people began to utilize 2D and 3D models closer to the real gas to examine pipeline leakage and diffusion behavior [22][23][24][25][26]. Particularly for buried pipes, 3D modeling can account for the resistance of all 3D soil bodies, which is more accurate than 1D and 2D computational models [27].…”