Modeling of Inclusion Formation during the Solidification of Steel

You, Dali; Michelic, Susanne Katharina; Bernhard, Christian; Loder, Denise; Wieser, Gerhard

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2016-243

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Due to the significantly lower content of dissolved oxygen compared with silicon and manganese, the growth of inclusions during solidification was assumed to be controlled by the diffusion of oxygen. The diffusion coefficient of oxygen in molten steel is D L = 1.2 × 10 −8 m 2 s −1 , and that in solid steel is

D_{S} = 0.0371 \exp true(- 96349 / R T true)

m 2 s −1 …”

Section: Discussion On the Growth Of Inclusions During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Wang

Yang

Zhang

2019

steel research int.

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Laboratory experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of cooling rate on oxide inclusions during the solidification of Si-Mn killed 304 stainless steel. The oxide inclusions in the 304 stainless steel were Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -CaO-MnO-MgO system. During the cooling process, the change of inclusions is supposed to consist of two steps. The first step is the precipitation and growth of SiO 2 -MnO-Al 2 O 3 type inclusions during the solidification process of steel. The second step is the transformation of inclusions into the MnO-Cr 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 system in solid steel by the interaction between inclusions and the steel matrix. Smaller cooling rate led to the more complete growth and transformation of inclusions. With decreasing the cooling rate, the number of large inclusions increased while that of small inclusions decreased. Meanwhile, the diameter of the inclusions increased. The main reason for the size difference of inclusions at different cooling rates is the difference of inclusion growth during solidification.

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D_{S} = 0.0371 \exp true(- 96349 / R T true)

m 2 s −1 …”

Section: Discussion On the Growth Of Inclusions During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Wang

Yang

Zhang

2019

steel research int.

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“…A detailed discussion of the calculation results, as well as a comparison between the calculated and experimental results, has been presented elsewhere. [25,27] The experimental procedure in the Tammann-type furnace can be summarized as a. Charging the unalloyed steel (Fe with 0.004 wt pct C, 0.001 wt pct Si, 0.07 wt pct Mn, 0.008 wt pct Al, 0.006 wt pct S, 0.004 wt pct O, 0.001 wt pct N) and an oxygen-rich premelt in an Al 2 O 3 crucible (exception steel A3: MgO crucible) using an elevator system that allows for the quick removal of the sample from the heat zone after the experiment.…”

Section: A Investigated Steel Gradesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Capability of Nonmetallic Inclusions to Act as Nuclei for Acicular Ferrite in Different Steel Grades

Loder

Michelic

Mayerhofer

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans B

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Acicular ferrite nucleates intragranularly on nonmetallic inclusions, forming a microstructure with excellent fracture toughness. The formation of acicular ferrite is strongly affected by the size, content, and composition of nonmetallic inclusions, but also by the composition of the steel matrix. The potential of inclusions in medium carbon HSLA (high-strength low-alloyed) steels has been the main focus in the literature so far. The current study evaluates the acicular ferrite capability of various inclusions types in four different steel grades with carbon contents varying between 0.04 and 0.65 wt pct. The investigated steels are produced by melting experiments on a laboratory scale and subsequent heat treatment in a High-Temperature Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope. Inclusions are exclusively formed by deoxidation and desulfurization reactions. No synthetic particles are added to the melt. The inclusion landscape is analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Final ductility of the samples is evaluated based on performed tensile tests. Inclusion types in every steel grade are assessed regarding their nucleation potential always considering the interaction with the steel composition, especially focusing on the role of manganese. The effects of (Ti,Al)O x -, MnS-, and MgO-containing inclusions are discussed in detail.

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“…Hence, the kinetic models on inclusion Along the line of the former coupling models, the present authors [103] proposed a thermodynamic model coupling microsegregation and inclusion formation using one ChemSage [90] datafile. The thermodynamic equilibrium was calculated using ChemApp [26] to determine the liquid temperature, solute partition coefficients at the solidification interface, and inclusion formation in the residual liquid.…”

Section: Kinetic Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Inclusion Formation during Solidification of Steel: A Review

You

Michelic

Presoly

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:The formation of nonmetallic inclusions in the solidification process can essentially influence the properties of steels. Computational simulation provides an effective and valuable method to study the process due to the difficulty of online investigation. This paper reviews the modeling work of inclusion formation during the solidification of steel. Microsegregation and inclusion formation thermodynamics and kinetics are first introduced, which are the fundamentals to simulate the phenomenon in the solidification process. Next, the thermodynamic and kinetic models coupled with microsegregation dedicated to inclusion formation are briefly described and summarized before the development and future expectations are discussed.

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Modeling of Inclusion Formation during the Solidification of Steel

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

On the Capability of Nonmetallic Inclusions to Act as Nuclei for Acicular Ferrite in Different Steel Grades

Modeling Inclusion Formation during Solidification of Steel: A Review

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