Modeling of Mud Accumulation and Bed Characteristics in Tokyo Bay

Abstract

This paper presents the modeling of mud accumulation in Tokyo Bay. The model consists of hydrodynamic, wave hindcasting, bed shear stress and multi-class sediment sub-models in order to simulate the sediment associated processes both in the water body and bed layer. The present model accounts for sediment transport, settling, deposition, resuspension, accumulation and burial sedimentation processes, and it is capable to reproduce the accumulation of muddy sediments. Following the concept of multi-class particle model, the bed characteristics, i.e. the spatial distributions of particle size and the water content ratio in bed materials, were computed and qualitatively verified with field investigation data. The computed spatial variation in mud accumulation rate, particle size distribution and water content ratio were consistent with field data. Some discrepancies were identified and discussed.

Spatiotemporal Variation of Turbidity Based on Landsat 8 OLI in Cam Ranh Bay and Thuy Trieu Lagoon, Vietnam

“…where ρ and f are the water density and the friction factor, respectively, and u bm is the amplitude of the wave induced orbital velocity at the bottom determined by [40]:…”

Spatial Distribution of Sediment Quality in Tokyo Bay through Benthic-Pelagic Coupled Modeling Approach

“…Integrated model constituents were a multi layered ecosystem model, a quasi-three dimensional hydrodynamic model which has been developed based on Navier-Strokes equations with the hydrostatic and Boussinesq approximations 1) , a wave hindcasting model 7) and a sediment deposition and erosion model considering inorganic sediment transport 8) . Model state variables and included processes were shown in Fig.1.…”

“…Depositional flux 5) were calculated from equations (2a) and (2b) while erosional flux 8) were calculated from equations (3a) and (3b): ( …”

Numerical Modeling of Long-Term Biogeochemical Processes and Its Application to Sedimentary Bed Formation in Tokyo Bay

“…Even though observations provide information on coastal and estuarine dynamics to some extent, they are sometimes insufficient for a detailed understanding of water and sediment processes [1], analysis of restoration scenarios, and especially for future predictions on, for instance, the effect of coastal water pollution on climate change [2,3]. In order to fill this gap, with the advancement in computer technology, numerical water quality models have emerged and have been extensively developed over time to understand, analyze, and forecast estuarine and coastal environments and thereby support managerial decision making [4][5][6][7].…”

“…During the past decades, water quality models of Tokyo Bay have been developed to reproduce its different aspects, which have emerged by data analysis. These aspects include, for instance, some of the physical and ecosystemic characteristics of water and sediment such as upwelling and blue tide [35], the effects of waves and currents on the sediment [36], mud accumulation and bed characteristics [5,37], and seasonal/daily dynamics of water and sediment [6]. However, attempts to reproduce the spatial distributions of water and sediment quality through modeling approaches, which would support the management of water quality in the bay, are scarce or neglected.…”