Modeling of oxide reduction in repeated-batch pyroprocessing

Lee, Hyo Jik; Im, Hun Suk; Park, Geun Il

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2015.10.031

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…FPs such as cesium (Cs), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba) are detected in the LiCl salt after the pyroprocessing. The salt may be recycled and these elements may be removed 7 . However, FPs such as zirconium (Zr) can also be present in the recovered granule (ingot).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recoveryof actinidesand fission products from spent nuclear fuel via electrolytic reduction: Thematic overview

Галашев

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from modern light water or thermal reactors containing uranium oxide with small concentrations of plutonium and other actinide oxides is converted into metal by the electrolytic reduction. The obtained metal must be subjected to further processing (electrorefining). This review reflects the achievements in development SNF electrolytic processing, concepts of the technological operations, and a model describing the electrochemical process. The technological scheme for the electrochemical reduction of SNF and MOX fuel is considered. The complexity of a carbon anode application in the process of UO2 electrolytic reduction is reflected. The reduction processes of alkali, alkaline earth (AE), and rare earth metal oxides as well as oxide compounds of zirconium are demonstrated. The reduction of lanthanum oxide and oxy‐chloride to the metallic form by adding metallic nickel to the molten salt is discussed. The solubility of Li2O in molten salts is interpreted depending on the amount of dissolved alkali and AE metal chlorides. The considered pyroprocessing technology enables a much greater release of the energy accumulated in uranium ore, and recycling all actinides allows reducing significantly the amount of nuclear waste and the time it must be isolated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The salt may be recycled and these elements may be removed. 7 However, FPs such as zirconium (Zr) can also be present in the recovered granule (ingot). As a result of the fission of U and Pu, several isotopes of zirconium are formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recoveryof actinidesand fission products from spent nuclear fuel via electrolytic reduction: Thematic overview

Галашев

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…Since it consists almost entirely of batch-type processes, even though some kinds of unit processes are similar to continuous processes, the use of a discrete event system for modeling is preferred if the main concerns are not the electrochemical reactions within a single batch operation [15]. Additionally, every step at each component of the process equipment, including the mass transfer and material handling system operations, can be traced through discrete event simulation.…”

Section: Layout Improvement Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LiCl salt remaining in the oxide reduction equipment and the cathode processing equipment contains most of the fission products, including cesium, strontium, and others. The LiCl is extracted from the oxide reduction equipment and the products of LiCl from the cathode processing equipment are transferred to a LiCl salt purification process for recycling [15]. Figure 1 presents a flow diagram of the seven unit processors (Material Supplier, Oxide Reducer, Product Separator, Cathode Processor, LiCl Salt Purifier, Reactive Distiller, and Material Recovery Equipment) included in this study with the three gates (TP1, TP2, and TL) used for material transfer from/to the oxide reduction cell.…”

Section: Process Considered For Layout Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equipment Layout Improvement for Large-Scale Hot Cell Facility Logistics

Yu¹,

Lim²,

Im³

et al. 2017

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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This study presents approaches to equipment layout improvement for a large-scale hot cell facility. First, the original facility layout and target process are introduced, including the basic information and specifications. Second, the flow of process materials is analyzed and the relationships are evaluated in detail using a "from-to chart" and a "relationship chart" for the original layout, and the logistics are simulated using the selected discrete event simulator to calculate the traveling distances of process materials handled by teleoperated material handling systems. Third, the original layout is modified using the total closeness rating (TCR), and the efficiency and usage of the material handling system are calculated and compared with the original case to evaluate the efficiency improvement of the modified layout. This modification process, which included load reduction, enabled those aspects of the material handling system that would need to be changed to be identified; these changes were suggested by a quantitative analysis of the logistics between each pair of stations and intuitive rearrangement based on charts and figures. These approaches could be an initial step in the large-scale hot cell design process, with future work to follow.

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Virtual reality platform-based conceptual design and simulation of a hot cell facility

Han

2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Modeling of oxide reduction in repeated-batch pyroprocessing

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Recoveryof actinidesand fission products from spent nuclear fuel via electrolytic reduction: Thematic overview

Recoveryof actinidesand fission products from spent nuclear fuel via electrolytic reduction: Thematic overview

Equipment Layout Improvement for Large-Scale Hot Cell Facility Logistics

Virtual reality platform-based conceptual design and simulation of a hot cell facility

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