Modeling of temperature profile during magnetic thermotherapy for cancer treatment

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) used as heat sources for cancer thermotherapy have received much recent attention. While the mechanism for power dissipation in MNPs in a rf field is well understood, a challenge in moving to clinical trials is an inadequate understanding of the power dissipation in MNP-impregnated systems and the discrepancy between the predicted and observed heating rates in the same. Here we use the Rosensweig [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 252, 370 (2002)] model for heat generation in a single MNP, considering immediate heating of the MNPs, and the double spherical-shell heat transfer equations developed by Andrä et al. [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 194, 197 (1999)] to model the heat distribution in and around a ferrofluid sample or a tumor impregnated with MNPs. We model the heat generated at the edge of a 2.15 cm spherical sample of FeCo/(Fe,Co)3O4 agglomerates containing 95 vol % MNPs with mean radius of 9 nm, dispersed at 1.5–1.6 vol % in bisphenol F. We match the model against experimental data for a similar system produced in our laboratory and find good agreement. Finite element models, extensible to more complex systems, have also been developed and checked against the analytical model and the data.

Physical mechanism and modeling of heat generation and transfer in magnetic fluid hyperthermia through Néelian and Brownian relaxation: a review

“…The authors further compared the derived solution with the experimental data and found an agreement between them. This analytical solution was further verified by Sawyer et al who carried out a study on the heat distribution and found an agreement between their experimental data and Andrӓ et al’s solution [135]. However, it is important to note that the solutions of heat transfer equations derived did not consider the effect of heat loss caused by the blood flow which might affect the heat transfer process significantly in highly perfused tissues.…”

“…Sawyer et al [135] applied FEM to model the heat transfer process in hyperthermia by using difference approximation method of the differential heat equation. The model described the heat distribution using iron-cobalt as magnetic nanoparticles in MFH for the fat and muscle tissues.…”

Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia enhances radiation therapy: A study in mouse models of human prostate cancer

“…AMF amplitude is constant) will generate more total heat in tumour regions retaining higher MIONP concentrations, and the local temperature will increase rapidly within zones containing MIONPs when heating commences. Extending beyond the MIONP-containing zones, temperature rapidly declines leading to sharp thermal gradients [61–64]. The size or volume of these heat generating zones dominate thermal gradients in their vicinity during the initial stages of heating.…”

Computational Nanomedicine: Modeling of Nanoparticle-Mediated Hyperthermal Cancer Therapy

“…The properties include the magnetic field strength and frequency [36,52,53], eddy current generation [54], nanoparticle mass and size [36,52,55], concentration [52], nanoparticle agglomerates [56] and nanoparticle spatial distributions [38,57,58]. …”