Modeling of the Aircraft’s Low Energy State During the Final Approach Phase Using Operational Flight Data

Wang, Xiaolong; Sembiring, Javensius; Koppitz, Phillip; Höhndorf, Lukas; Wang, Chong; Holzapfel, Florian

doi:10.2514/6.2019-0989

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…From the airworthiness regulatory requirements [10] Velocity and altitude Aircraft mode and energy state prediction, assessment as well as alerting [11] Velocity deviation and glide path deviation Robust autopilot design for landing a large civil aircraft in crosswind [12] Nominal profile deviation and data analysis; data comes from the high-fidelity simulation model and aircraft operation data CCAR approach and landing procedure of large transport civil aircraft [36,37] Kinetic energy, potential energy, total energy, and their rate of change Energy-based metrics for safety analysis of general aviation operations [9] There is a general agreement in existing research findings that the parameters used to assess abnormal energy during the approach and landing phases are relatively consistent as follows: velocity, glide angle, altitude, and descent rate. Given that the descent rate can be derived from the velocity and glide angle, this paper opts to utilize velocity, glide angle, and altitude as the primary parameters for monitoring the energy state of the aircraft during the critical approach and landing stages.…”

Section: Basis Of Aircraft System Reliability Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the research results of references [8,10,12], the warning boundary of abnormal energy can be summarized as follows:…”

Section: Basis Of Aircraft System Reliability Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al recreated low-energy scenarios through a simulation using Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data from actual aircraft operations. In their study, they designated velocity deviation and glide angle deviation as the indicators of abnormal energy [12]. Lu et al developed a sophisticated numerical simulation platform for civil aircraft and investigated the consequences of deviations in energy state parameters on approach and landing risks using advanced random simulation techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Approach and Landing Energy Prediction Based on a Long Short-Term Memory Model

Hu,

Yan,

Cao

et al. 2024

Aerospace

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The statistical analysis of civil aircraft accidents reveals that the highest incidence of mishaps occurs during the approach and landing stages. Predominantly, these accidents are marked by abnormal energy states, leading to critical situations like stalling and heavy landings. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately predict the aircraft energy state in the approach and landing stages to ensure a safe landing. In this study, a deep learning method based on time sequence data for the prediction of the aircraft approach and landing energy states is proposed. Firstly, by conducting an extensive overview of the existing literature, three characteristic parameters of altitude, velocity, and glide angle were selected as the indicators to characterize the energy state. Following this, a semi-physical simulation platform for a certain type of aircraft was developed. The approach and landing experiments were carried out with different throttle sizes and flap deflection under different wind speeds and wind directions. Then, a deep learning prediction model based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) was established based on the experimental data to predict the energy state indicators during the approach and landing phases. Finally, the established LSTM model underwent rigorous training and testing under different strategies, and a comparative analysis was carried out. The results demonstrated that the proposed LSTM model exhibited high accuracy and a strong generalization ability in predicting energy states during the approach and landing phases. These results offer a theoretical basis for designing energy early warning systems and formulating the relevant flight control laws in the approach and landing stages.

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Section: Basis Of Aircraft System Reliability Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the research results of references [8,10,12], the warning boundary of abnormal energy can be summarized as follows:…”

Section: Basis Of Aircraft System Reliability Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Approach and Landing Energy Prediction Based on a Long Short-Term Memory Model

Hu,

Yan,

Cao

et al. 2024

Aerospace

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“…The statistics show that, the approach and landing is the phase with the highest rate of aviation accidents, which reaches 49.1% with only 4% of the whole flight time [1], thus the research on the safety of approach and landing phase is of great significance for improving the safe flight of civil aircraft [2][3]. Instrument Landing System, the most widely used guidance system in approach and landing phase [4][5], linearly transforms the angle deviation between the actual and nominal flight path, named glide slope and localizer signals (hereinafter referred to as ILS signals) in the primary flight displays (PFD) for the pilot to correct the path [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ILS signal design based on Gaussian quantified safety for civil aircraft

Yuan

Yin

Liu

et al. 2023

Second International Conference on Electronic Information Engineering and Computer Communication (EIECC 2022)

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Instrument landing system (ILS) is the most widely used guidance system in precision approach landing for civil aircraft especially in low visibility. The ILS linearly transforms the angle deviation between the actual and nominal flight path into the form of ILS signals for the pilot to correct the path. The scale of ILS signal changes uniformly, while the actual safety changes nonlinear. The signal design with uniform scale change cannot reflect the dynamic change of real-time flight safety. To solve this problem, we adopt the method of reverse design and propose a signal design method based on Gaussian quantified safety according to the operational regulation of instrument landing for safety named CAT (Category). This method considers the changing rate of the safety with the deviation of instrument scale, so that the pilot can perceive the real-time safety while observing the ILS signal for safety. Furthermore, our proposed design will improve the safety during the approach and landing phase.

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Advancements in the Theory and Practice of Flight Vehicle System Identification

Hosseini

Steinert

Hofmann

et al. 2023

Journal of Aircraft

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System identification methods have played an essential role in the research and industry projects at the Institute of Flight System Dynamics of the Technical University of Munich. Besides the application of the established system identification approaches to multiple aircraft, novel methods have been developed at the institute to deal with the challenges associated with fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft system identification in the time and frequency domains. This paper provides an overview of these new developments, as well as practical application examples from the past and ongoing projects at the institute. After a brief introduction to the work at the institute, the paper describes the new advancements in the fields of time domain system identification and optimal input design by introducing optimal control methods. It continues with an alternative problem formulation for applying frequency domain system identification and parameter estimation methods to a novel flight control design and tuning approach. Additional topics from the past and ongoing research at the institute such as novel methods and practical findings in rotorcraft system identification and flight path reconstruction for different applications will be discussed and referenced.

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Modeling of the Aircraft’s Low Energy State During the Final Approach Phase Using Operational Flight Data

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Approach and Landing Energy Prediction Based on a Long Short-Term Memory Model

Approach and Landing Energy Prediction Based on a Long Short-Term Memory Model

ILS signal design based on Gaussian quantified safety for civil aircraft

Advancements in the Theory and Practice of Flight Vehicle System Identification

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