The article describes the possibility of describing the electronic structure of the simplest atomic systems within corpuscular physics theory. The proposed method allows to derive the Rydberg frequency constant without using quantum Bohr postulates. Adequate results of the same type of calculation of the energy levels of the first five chemical elements that are in the maximum degree of ionization are presented. The results of the paper can increase the accuracy and reduce the computational complexity of models of quantum processes and phenomena. This, in turn, may allow one to develop more efficient models and algorithms for controlling such systems.