Modeling of the Stiffness of Corrugated Cardboard Considering Material Non-linear Effect

Ran, Jilin; Liu, Changli

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1187/3/032069

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…They used an orthotropic elastic constitutive model and Hill yield criterion for the description of the anisotropic plastic deformations to approximate the inelastic deformation behavior. Similar studies were carried out for corrugated cardboard by Ran and Liu (2019) and Mrówczyński et al (2021). To describe the impact behavior of cardboard materials, the orthotropic deformation behavior of these materials at high strain rate must be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Investigation of different cardboard materials under impact loads

Johst

Kaeppeler

Seibert

et al. 2023

BioRes

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Packaging materials, such as cardboard, must endure vigorous loads during handling and transport, which could lead to damage to the packaged goods. To ensure that the transported goods reach the consumer safely, a profound knowledge of the behavior of packaging materials under impact loads is required. This study experimentally investigated the behavior of two different cardboard materials under impact loads. Different kinetic energy levels were obtained using a specially developed test rig. First, the resulting damage of the specimens was qualitatively characterized based on digital analysis. Second, the damage was quantitatively analyzed using the imprint diameter after impact as the characteristic parameter. It was found that three different damage phenomena occurred on both investigated materials: imprint, cracking, and breakthrough. Different imprint diameters were detected with increasing kinetic energy of the impactor. The impact load resistance of the material with the higher grammage was higher than that of the material with the lower grammage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Investigation of different cardboard materials under impact loads

Johst

Kaeppeler

Seibert

et al. 2023

BioRes

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“…The mechanical behavior of corrugated cardboard packaging has been studied in multiple papers, adopting different methodologies: (i) numerical and analytical in (Allaoui et al, 2011), (Ran and Liu, 2019), (Duong et al, 2013); (ii) experimental and numerical in (Gudavicius, 2018), (Biancolini and Brutti, 2003); (iii) experimental and analytical in ; (iv) analytical, numerical and experimental as in (Di Russo et al, 2023), (Biancolini et al, 2010), (Fadiji et al, 2018). The methodologies vary according to the speci c properties to be tested, regardless of the type of box.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the solution of the linear problem the specialized Hooke's law for orthotropic materials is used. The plastic behavior of the cardboard is instead evaluated through Hill's quadratic yield strength criterion (Ran and Liu, 2019). Starting from this approach, (Aboura et al, 2004) proposed a rst methodology of the 3D type that separately models the liner and the ute with a thin shell element and, subsequently, a second methodology in which the corrugated cardboard sandwich is modeled as a slab element.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study and Design of Corrugated Cardboard Trays With Microwaves by Experimental Analysis (EA) and Finite Element Methods (FEM)

Di Russo,

Desole,

Gisario

et al. 2024

Packag Technol Sci

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The purpose of the work is to study by experimental analysis and finite element methods the mechanical response of a packaging, consisting of a corrugated cardboard container, used for the transport of fruit and vegetables. During the container design, three different configurations were selected which differ both in the choice of liner and in the type of wave. In particular, the type E, F and N microwaves were chosen. They are characterized by a lower amplitude than the high and medium waves commonly used in corrugated cardboard packaging, making it possible to reduce material consumption and, consequently, costs. In the initial phase of the study, experimental tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical strength of the liners. In addition, edge compression tests (ECTs) were performed to determine the stacking resistance of the structure. The break‐in resistance of the structures was analysed using a test conducted according to an internal standard, called strength packaging test (SPT). Subsequently, a parametric study was set up with the finite element method for the simulation of the mechanical behaviour of the three structures, using the homogenization technique. The comparison between the maximum total deformations, measured experimentally and calculated numerically, has highlighted the need to introduce corrective coefficients to improve the homogenization of the wave structure. In this way, it was possible to improve the matching of the results obtained on the structures simulated by the homogenization technique and those obtained on the corresponding real structures.

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“…The homogenization process is reported in numerous studies in the literature [1,22,28,34,49] since it is fundamental in the analysis of box compression behavior, given its orthotropic material nature with corrugation. For the implementation of the constitutive model of the corrugated cardboards, the linear problem can be studied through Hooke's law for orthotropic materials, while the plastic behavior is regulated by the quadratic criterion of Hill yield [47]. In [26], the theory of laminates is applied for the implementation of the analytical model, considering a corrugated cardboard made of several sheets of orthotropic paper, of uniform thickness, so that each layer does not move with respect to the others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of wave configurations in corrugated boards by experimental analysis (EA) and finite element modeling (FEM): the role of the micro-wave in packaging design

Russo

Desole

Gisario

et al. 2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The aim of this paper is to study the mechanical behavior of corrugated board boxes, focusing attention on the strength that the boxes are able to offer in compression under stacking conditions. A preliminary design of the corrugated cardboard structures starting from the definition of each individual layer, namely the outer liners and the innermost flute, was carried out. For this purpose, three distinct types of corrugated board structures that include flutes with different characteristics, namely the high wave (C), the medium wave (B), and even the micro-wave (E), were comparatively evaluated. More specifically, the comparison is able to show the potential of the micro-wave which would eventually allow a significant saving of cellulose in the fabrication process of the boxes, thus reducing the manufacturing costs and causing a lower environmental footprint. First, experimental tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the different layers of the corrugated board structures. Tensile tests were performed on samples extracted from the paper reels used as base material for the manufacturing of the liners and flutes. Instead, the edge crush test (ECT) and box compression test (BCT) were directly performed on the corrugated cardboard structures. Secondly, a parametric finite element (FE) model to allow, on a comparative basis, the study of the mechanical response of the three different types of corrugated cardboard structures was developed. Lastly, a comparison between the available experimental results and the outputs of the FE model was carried out, with the same model being also adapted to evaluate additional structures where the E micro-wave was usefully combined with the B or C wave in a double-wave configuration.

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Modeling of the Stiffness of Corrugated Cardboard Considering Material Non-linear Effect

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Investigation of different cardboard materials under impact loads

Investigation of different cardboard materials under impact loads

Study and Design of Corrugated Cardboard Trays With Microwaves by Experimental Analysis (EA) and Finite Element Methods (FEM)

Evaluation of wave configurations in corrugated boards by experimental analysis (EA) and finite element modeling (FEM): the role of the micro-wave in packaging design

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