Modeling of Weather-Induced Volumetric Changes in Cracked Expansive Clays

Huang, Qihang; Azam, Shahid

doi:10.1007/s10706-022-02310-7

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It decreased to −5 mm by April, as snowmelt primarily resulted in runoff because infiltration through the soil pores was low. It remained constant in May despite more rain and evaporation, both of which occurred through the soil pores as well as cracks [23]. The flux peaked to +12 mm by June and remained positive in July because of frequent and high-intensity rain events.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Soil temperature and snow cover depth were calculated based on meteorological parameters and applied to the model as boundary conditions. Further details about model development and validation were provided earlier [23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the weight of Stage-II risk indices was set to be 1 because the influence of each parameter was included in the governing equation of the coupled model [23]. The evaluation vector (Q) of each risk index was calculated separately for Stage-I and Stage-II indices using Equations ( 1) and ( 2), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, vapor conductivity (kvapor) remained at 1 × 10 −14 m/s and met the HCC around 3000 kPa [34]. Finally, the SSC (Figure 3c) comprised a low structural shrinkage (with e reduced from 1.1 to 1.0) where water flows through cracks, a high normal shrinkage (with e reduced from 1.0 to 0.6) where water flows through the soil matrix, and a low residual shrinkage (with e reduced from 0.5 to 0.6) where water leaves particle surfaces [23].…”

Section: Data Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main objective of this research was to develop a numerical-hierarchical framework for predicting volume changes in expansive soils under variable surface and weather conditions. Based on published soil properties, various surface conditions, antecedent moistures, and metrological parameters were used to develop distinct scenarios using a coupled seepage-deformation model [23]. The various scenarios were hierarchically analyzed to determine the risk evaluation vector based on expert judgment and normal distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical-Hierarchical Framework for Predicting Volume Changes in Expansive Soils under Variable Surface and Weather Conditions

Huang

Azam

2023

Sustainability

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This research developed a numerical-hierarchical framework that captured surface conditions and climate parameters. Volume changes under distinct scenarios of surface boundary, antecedent moisture, and meteorological parameters were predicted using a coupled seepage-deformation model. Risk was hierarchically based on expert judgment for surface scenarios (Stage-I indices) and normal distribution for antecedent moisture and atmospheric parameters scenarios (Stage-II indices). Results indicated seasonal volumetric changes with minor variations of −5 mm from January to April, a steady settlement of −17 mm by June, and a gradual heave of +8 mm by December. All Stage-I indices showed similar trends such that the fluctuations were highest for vegetation, followed by slope, then by cover, and lowest for loading. Volume changes gradually reduced with depth and diminished at 3.1 m. Similar seasonal and profile trends were generally found for most Stage-II indices. Nonetheless, different trends under wet and dry conditions were observed for initial water content, precipitation, and air temperature. For the datum scenario, risk was non-existent till February, increased to 2.3 by June, diminished by October, and rose back to 1.0 by December. Similar values of cyclic variations in risk were found in most urban facilities. Volume changes were found to be two times higher in parks, insignificant for roads, half for five story buildings, and one-fourth for pipes under roads. Among the Stage-II indices, risk for the initial water content inhibited seasonal variations whereas that for precipitation was about half with a wider distribution; all the other indices showed about one-third the values. Under a higher occurrence probability of 0.129, a magnified risk was observed for all the indices such that the most critical were the initial water content and precipitation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical-Hierarchical Framework for Predicting Volume Changes in Expansive Soils under Variable Surface and Weather Conditions

Huang

Azam

2023

Sustainability

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Numerical and experimental study of the interaction between surface swelling soil and gas well casing, based on unsaturated soil mechanics

Balighi,

Akhtarpour,

Baradaran

et al. 2024

Results in Engineering

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A Transient Seepage–Thermal Stability Model for Cohesionless Soil Slopes in the Semi-Arid Continental Climate of the Canadian Prairies

Akram,

Azam

2023

Sustainability

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Seasonal weather variations have a profound effect on the integrity of cohesionless soil slopes in the Canadian Prairies owing to the prevalent semi-arid continental climate. The primary contribution of this research is the development of a transient and two-dimensional stability model that is fully coupled with hydraulic and thermal flows. The model was used to predict the factor of safety (FS) for two slope geometries (18 m height and 26 m height) subjected to three weather scenarios (mean, extreme wet, and extreme dry) and four ponding combinations on the upstream and downstream sides of the slopes under no-load and train-load conditions. Results indicated that for mean climate conditions, FS trends fluctuate till April, followed by an increase that remains constant up to November and decreases thereafter. Generally, the FS shows subdued fluctuations and higher values for the high slope compared with the low slope. For wet climate conditions, the FS patterns are similar to mean conditions, albeit with reduced durations of stability during summer. For dry climate conditions, FS values are higher than mean conditions and nearly constant for most of the year. For no ponding and downstream ponding, FS > 1 throughout the year. In contrast, FS > 1 only during the summer (with reduced time in wet climate and extended time in dry climate conditions) for upstream ponding and upstream–downstream ponding. For train loading, FS shows subdued fluctuations and lower values than the corresponding no-loading scenarios for both slopes. The effects of climate conditions and ponding scenarios are further reduced for the high slope. These findings are useful for decision making with regard to the initial design and ongoing performance of natural slopes and embankments in the cohesionless soils of the region.

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Modeling of Weather-Induced Volumetric Changes in Cracked Expansive Clays

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

A Numerical-Hierarchical Framework for Predicting Volume Changes in Expansive Soils under Variable Surface and Weather Conditions

A Numerical-Hierarchical Framework for Predicting Volume Changes in Expansive Soils under Variable Surface and Weather Conditions

Numerical and experimental study of the interaction between surface swelling soil and gas well casing, based on unsaturated soil mechanics

A Transient Seepage–Thermal Stability Model for Cohesionless Soil Slopes in the Semi-Arid Continental Climate of the Canadian Prairies

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