Modeling osmotic pressures for aqueous solutions for 2-1 and 2-2 electrolytes

Gauwbergen, D. Van; Baeyens, Jan; Creemers, Claude

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(97)00056-8

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Osmotic pressure evaluation has been improved by including in the model structure the Pitzer model equations instead of the Van´t Hoff correlations adopted in Gueccia et al [20]. As a result, the osmotic pressure [22] has been evaluated as reported below:…”

Section: Modification In Model Constitutive Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion Dialysis for Separation of Hydrochloric Acid, Iron and Zinc Ions from Highly Concentrated Pickling Solutions

et al. 2020

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Acid recovery from pickling waste solutions is an important step to enhance hot-dip-galvanizing industry process sustainability. Diffusion dialysis (DD) can be used to separate acids and heavy metals (e.g., iron and zinc) from pickling waters, promoting the circular use of such raw materials. In the present study, a laboratory scale unit operating in batch and a continuous large scale unit, both equipped with Fumasep anionic exchange membranes, were tested. Results obtained show that zinc and iron concentration affect the HCl recovery in opposite ways. Iron chlorides enhance acid recovery, while zinc chlorides considerably tend to diffuse through the membrane because of negatively charged chloro-complexes formation and slightly reduce the acid diffusion. A multi-components mathematical model, with a time-dependent and distributed-parameters architecture, was adopted enabling the prediction of operations with hydrochloric acid, zinc, and iron metals both in batch and in continuous dialyzers. As a result, a good comparison between model simulations and experiments was achieved in both configurations.

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Section: Modification In Model Constitutive Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion Dialysis for Separation of Hydrochloric Acid, Iron and Zinc Ions from Highly Concentrated Pickling Solutions

et al. 2020

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“…Both water flux and salt rejection are also highly dependent on membrane properties, solution chemistry, and operating conditions (12). In the literature, a linear relationship was commonly agreed to exist between water flux and driving pressure (4,(13)(14)(15)(16). The nonlinear behavior of water flux observed experimentally, especially for high salt concentration, was considered abnormal and unable to be explained within the existing theoretical frame (4,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Water and Salt Fluxes through Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Zhou

Song

2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Water flux and salt rejection rate, which are the two most important parameters in evaluating the performance of a reverse osmosis membrane process, are desirable to be directly related to the membrane properties and operating conditions. However, the membrane transport theories in their general forms are unable to describe the membrane performance satisfactorily. In this study, water and salt fluxes through reverse osmosis membranes were carefully examined with a cross-flow filtration cell under various operating conditions. Experimental results showed that a notable permeate flux was detected when the driving pressure was smaller than the feed osmotic pressure. Water flux increased with the driving pressure nonlinearly before approaching a linear relation with the pressure. In addition, salt transport was highly dependent on both operating pressure and feed salt concentration. A power relationship between salt flux and concentration was correlated well with the experimental data. The equations for water and salt fluxes obtained from this work would provide a facile and accurate means for predicting the membrane performance in design and optimization of reverse osmosis processes.

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“…However, application of this method was not verified for a system considered in this study. In [22] osmotic pressures were defined according to the Van't Hoff equation and model [17] for a solution containing copper and nickel sulfates given that their ratio was a constant value. It was shown that the experimental data of osmotic pressure values in these solutions agrees well with the results obtained using model [17] and did not agree with the results calculated according to the Van't Hoff equation.…”

Section: Methods Of Dialisysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Different Ion-exchange Membrane Types in Diffusion Dialysis for the Separation of Sulfuric Acid and Nickel Sulfate

Loza¹,

Loza²,

Kovalchuk³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The application of diffusion dialysis using various types of ion-exchange membranes for the separation of sulfuric acid and nickel sulfate has been evaluated. The process of dialysis separation of a real waste solution from an electroplating facility containing 252.3 g/L of sulfuric acid, 20.9 g/L of nickel ions and small amounts of zinc, iron, copper ions, etc. has been studied. Heterogeneous cation-exchange membrane containing sulfo groups and heterogeneous anion-exchange membranes with different thicknesses (from 145 μm to 550 μm) and types of fixed groups (4 samples with quaternary amino groups and 1 sample with secondary and tertiary amino groups) are used. The diffusion fluxes of sulfuric acid, nickel sulfate, and the total and osmotic fluxes of the solvent are determined. The use of a cation-exchange membrane does not allow separation of the components, since the fluxes of both components are low and comparable in magnitude. The use of anion-exchange membranes makes it possible to efficiently separate sulfuric acid and nickel sulfate. At the same time, the thin dialysis membrane turns out to be the most effective, as well as the membranes with quaternary amino groups, and the membrane with secondary and tertiary amino groups proved to be the least effective.

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Modeling osmotic pressures for aqueous solutions for 2-1 and 2-2 electrolytes

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Diffusion Dialysis for Separation of Hydrochloric Acid, Iron and Zinc Ions from Highly Concentrated Pickling Solutions

Diffusion Dialysis for Separation of Hydrochloric Acid, Iron and Zinc Ions from Highly Concentrated Pickling Solutions

Experimental Study of Water and Salt Fluxes through Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Comparative Study of Different Ion-exchange Membrane Types in Diffusion Dialysis for the Separation of Sulfuric Acid and Nickel Sulfate

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