Modeling plasma lipoprotein-bile lipid relationships: Differential impact of psyllium and cholestyramine in hamsters fed a lithogenic diet

Trautwein, Elke A.; Siddiqui, Aqeel; Hayes, K. C.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(93)90147-g

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Therefore, both the qualitative changes (decrease in chenodeoxycholate with concomitant reduction in hydrophobicity) and the quantitative changes (increased fecal bile acid excretion) in the bile acid pool produced by PSY favored a stimulation of bile acid synthesis. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis of previous studies (11,36), demonstrating that PSY influences cholesterol and bile acid metabolism by affecting the enterohepatic circulation of the bile acid pool.…”

Section: Table 7 Fecal Excretion Of Bile Acids In Hamsters Fed Diets supporting

confidence: 94%

“…PSY impressively reduced the plasma cholesterol and TG, which is in line with previous findings from studies with various animal models including the hamster (5,7,8,35,36). PSY not only caused a 75% reduction in plasma VLDL-cholesterol but also affected the composition of VLDL and LDL by decreasing the relative EC content and increasing the relative proportion of TG which has also been shown previously (4).…”

Section: Table 7 Fecal Excretion Of Bile Acids In Hamsters Fed Diets supporting

confidence: 89%

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Psyllium, not pectin or guar gum, alters lipoprotein and biliary bile acid composition and fecal sterol excretion in the hamster

Trautwein¹,

Rieckhoff²,

Kunath-Rau³

et al. 1998

Lipids

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Different soluble dietary fibers known to alter cholesterol metabolism were fed to golden Syrian hamsters, and their specific impact on lipoproteins, biliary bile acid profile, and fecal sterol excretion was evaluated. Semipurified diets containing 20% fat; 0.12% cholesterol; and 8% of psyllium (PSY); high (hePE) and low (lePE) esterified pectin; or high (hvGG) and low (lvGG) viscous guar gum were fed for 5 wk. Compared to control, PSY caused a significant reduction in plasma cholesterol (2.9 +/- 0.5 vs. 5.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/L), whereas hePE, lePE, hvGG, or lvGG had no apparent effect on plasma lipids. Hepatic total and esterified cholesterol were substantially decreased with PSY, pectin and guar gum, whereby PSY produced the most pronounced effect. Distinctive changes existed in the bile acid profile related to the different fibers. In contrast to pectin and guar gum, PSY caused a significant increase in the cholate:chenodeoxycholate and the glycine:taurine conjugation ratio. Pectin and guar gum did not alter daily fecal neutral sterol excretion while PSY caused a 90% increase due to a higher fecal output. Daily fecal bile acid excretion and total fecal bile acid concentration were significantly increased by PSY, whereas hePE, lePE, hvGG, and lvGG revealed no or only minor effects. Taken together, the disparate hypocholesterolemic effects of PSY, pectin, and guar gum on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in the hamster are possibly related to different physicochemical properties, e.g., viscosity and susceptibility to fermentation, affecting the fiber-mediated action in the intestine.

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Section: Table 7 Fecal Excretion Of Bile Acids In Hamsters Fed Diets supporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Table 7 Fecal Excretion Of Bile Acids In Hamsters Fed Diets supporting

confidence: 89%

Psyllium, not pectin or guar gum, alters lipoprotein and biliary bile acid composition and fecal sterol excretion in the hamster

Trautwein¹,

Rieckhoff²,

Kunath-Rau³

et al. 1998

Lipids

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“…To determine the total bile acid and neutral sterol concentration, the oven-dried fecal samples were analyzed using a modification of the method of Suckling et al (1991) as described previously (Trautwein et al 1993b). Total bile acid concentration was determined enzymatically (Sigma bile acid kit 450).…”

Section: Methods and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Cereal Fibers on Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in the Syrian Golden Hamster

Rieckhoff

Trautwein

Mälkki³

et al. 1999

Cereal Chem

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Cereal Chem. 76(5): [788][789][790][791][792][793][794][795] This study examined the effects of various cereal fibers and various amounts of β-glucan on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism. Hamsters were fed semisynthetic diets containing 0.12% cholesterol, 20% fat, and either 16% total dietary fiber (TDF) from wheat bran (control) or 10% TDF from oat bran, 13% TDF from oat bran concentrate or barley grains, 16% TDF from oat fiber concentrate, barley flakes, or rye bran. After five weeks, plasma total cholesterol and liver cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower (20 and 50%, respectively) only in hamsters fed rye bran. Diets containing any of the oat ingredients or barley had no effect on total cholesterol. Changes in the pattern of biliary bile acids occurred in hamsters fed 16% TDF from barley flakes or 10% TDF from oat bran. Hamsters fed rye bran had a significantly higher fecal bile acid excretion when compared with controls fed wheat bran. Because rye bran caused the most pronounced lowering effect of total cholesterol despite the lowest content of β-glucan and soluble fibers, components other than β-glucan and soluble fibers seem to be involved in its hypocholesterolemic action. Since the effects of the oat and barley ingredients were not solely correlated to the β-glucan content, structural changes occurring during processing and concentrating of the products may have impaired the hypocholesterolemic potential of the β-glucans, and other factors such as solubility and viscosity of the fiber components seem to be involved.

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“…After feeding, bile acids re-enter the liver via the portal vein together with digested nutrients and are re-circulated back into the gall bladder for use during the next feeding cycle. 1 The levels of individual bile acids and their conjugation status relative to glycine or taurine changes between individuals based on diet and age 2,3 : individuals eating a meat diet tend to have more taurineconjugated bile acids in their bile acid pool than persons eating a vegetarian diet. Individually, when retained within the liver because of impaired secretion into the bile canaliculi, bile acids are also known to have hepatocellular-toxicity both in vivo and in vitro.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated bile acids promote ERK1/2 and AKT activation via a pertussis toxin–sensitive mechanism in murine and human hepatocytes†

et al. 2005

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Modeling plasma lipoprotein-bile lipid relationships: Differential impact of psyllium and cholestyramine in hamsters fed a lithogenic diet

Cited by 32 publications

References 53 publications

Psyllium, not pectin or guar gum, alters lipoprotein and biliary bile acid composition and fecal sterol excretion in the hamster

Psyllium, not pectin or guar gum, alters lipoprotein and biliary bile acid composition and fecal sterol excretion in the hamster

Effects of Different Cereal Fibers on Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in the Syrian Golden Hamster

Conjugated bile acids promote ERK1/2 and AKT activation via a pertussis toxin–sensitive mechanism in murine and human hepatocytes†

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