Modeling residence-time distribution in horizontal screw hydrolysis reactors

Sievers, David A.; Stickel, Jonathan J.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2017.10.012

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These processes operate with heterogeneous mixtures and, so, achieving adequate contact between the fluid and biomass determines how well the substrate reacts. [10,47] Biomass appears in the same cluster as simulation in the bibliometric map. Pharmaceutical applications belong mostly to the blue cluster including drug delivery, cancer, in vivo, in vitro, tissue distribution, and skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Bio‐process studies, including hydrolysis and fermentation, evaluate how long bacteria are in contact with biomass and the presence of dead zones. These processes operate with heterogeneous mixtures and, so, achieving adequate contact between the fluid and biomass determines how well the substrate reacts . Biomass appears in the same cluster as simulation in the bibliometric map.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Low values of C v means that the RTD is narrower, thus a better mixing quality: C v = 0, complete distributive mixing, thus near 0 flow state tends to a perfectly mixed flow C v = 1, total segregation, thus near 1 the flow state is close to plug flow …”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass spectrometry, infrared, and thermal conductivity detectors are common techniques to follow gas concentration . For liquid phase applications, NaCl and KCl solutions are good tracers particularly with conductivity detectors . A second option is a colourful dye like blue indigo carmine that UV‐vis spectrophotometers and high speed cameras detect .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] For liquid phase applications, NaCl and KCl solutions are good tracers particularly with conductivity detectors. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] A second option is a colourful dye like blue indigo carmine that UV-vis spectrophotometers and high speed cameras detect. [12][13][14] Irradiating solids and detecting the gamma ray emission or bremsstrahlung radiation with scintillating NaI detectors is the most effective method for the solids phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Residence time distribution—RTD

2020

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Reactor performance, solids‐(gas)‐mixing, flow through porous media, distillation columns, or through granulators improve as the fluid dynamics approach ideal plug flow. The residence time distribution (RTD) is a diagnostic measure of how close fluid flow approaches ideal conditions. The technique introduces a step change to the inlet concentration—a Dirac‐δ function, Heaviside step function, or a rectangular pulse (bolus)—while high frequency detectors monitor the concentration along the vessel and/or at the exit. The effluent concentration profile spreads due to the variance in the process lines leading to the vessel and at the exit, the detector response, and the system. We quantify how much each of these contributes to the overall variance in a fluidized bed with 9 g of fluid cracking catalyst in 8 mm diameter quartz tubes. The injection variance is lowest for a GC sample loop configuration, compared to a 3‐way valve or 4‐way valve geometry. RTD measurements detect bypassing due to dead zones in vessels and the axial‐dispersion model and continuous stirred‐tank model to characterize deviation from plug flow. However, when the contribution to variance from the ancillary lines and detector is large compared to the system, the uncertainty in the model parameters is high. Research on RTD fundamentals concentrate on boundary conditions while, here, we focus on experimental errors: mechanical, physicochemical mathematical, and instrumental.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Residence time distribution—RTD

2020

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Methane hydrate production using a novel spiral‐agitated reactor: Promotion of hydrate formation kinetics

2021

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To enhance hydrate formation kinetics, we presented a novel spiral‐agitated reactor, where hydrates were synthetized in pure water systems, and fast hydrate kinetics was observed under extremely mild conditions. Hydrates can nucleate within 4 min under 3.5 MPa and 275.15 K at a rotating speed of 60 rpm, and large water‐to‐hydrate conversion (>85%) was obtained at a moderate condition of 4.85 MPa, 275.15 K, and 30 rpm with an average methane uptake of 139.78 V/V, demonstrating that pure water systems are feasible for hydrate‐based solidified natural gas (SNG) technology. Numerical simulations of flow fields inner the reactor were carried out, and four mechanisms behind the excellent promotion were proposed, dual‐agitation, two‐way convection, interfacial impact and micro bubbles, which significantly improve mass transfer, giving rise to fast hydrate nucleation and growth kinetics. These findings suggest extraordinary performance of spiral agitation, and this may pave way on the industrial application of hydrate‐based SNG technology.

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