Modeling rhizofiltration: heavy-metal uptake by plant roots

Verma, Preeti; George, K. V.; Singh, Harmanjit; Juwarkar, Asha A.; Singh, R. N.

doi:10.1007/s10666-005-9039-x

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Hence, for the relevant root metal uptake, the water movement and its uptake by the plant roots should be considered first (Verma et al 2006). In modeling, the flow of water to the plant roots is described as either microscopic (single root model) or macroscopic (diffuse sink).…”

Section: Numerical Modeling Of Root Metal Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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IntroductionPhytoextraction is a process which can remove the soluble (bioavailable) metal pool from soil or aqueous solutions using different kinds of terrestrial or aquatic plants. This transport may be divided into three different steps: (1) absorption from the solution (e.g., soil solution), (2) transport to the root xylem, and (3) transport to the shoots (Mench et al. 2009).A modern approach, how to evaluate the extraction potential of selected plants as well as how to plan and design the most effective metal phytoextraction, is the ability to relevantly model this process. There are many studies aimed at the modeling of metal transport. Nevertheless, there is a limited amount of present studies, which are focused on the modeling of the phytoremediation process. In general, developing an applicable model requires sufficient conceptual model description and a fundamental theoretical understanding of the studied system, as well as its experimental equipment and measurement; these are all crucial aspects required to create a relevant simulation of studied problem. This chapter attempts to describe the problems associated with metal phytoextraction modeling. The term "root metal uptake" is crucial for the simulation of phytoremediation of metals, which is a concrete modification of the general term "root uptake." Root uptake is one of the most important processes considered in numerical models because root surfaces represent the first-phase boundaries in nature for nutrients and toxic elements. In order to efficiently model the phytoextraction processes, it is essential to provide information about (1) the spatiotemporal concentration changes of metals in the root-influenced soil and (2) the cumulative uptake of metals per unit length of root over time (Darrah et al. 2006). Root UptakeDetermining water and metal uptake by plant roots and their subsequent translocation into the tissues of the aerial parts is obviously critical for assessing the modeling of phytoremediation options. Because metals are taken up by plants dissolved in water, it is crucial to have information about the transport of water and the hydraulic properties of the roots. Root Water UptakeWater is primarily absorbed by the root hairs and other root zones and then transported to the aerial parts in xylem tissues. Water absorption by the plants is mainly a response to the water potential gradient (from low to high energy) from the rhizosphere to the xylem of the roots. Soil water has a lower total solute concentration than plant water, and hence the osmotic gradient tends to drive water from the soil into the root. The rate of water uptake from the soil depends on rooting density, the hydraulic conductivity of the roots, and the difference between average soil-water suction and root suction. The root hydraulic conductivity is a measure of the amount of water transported by the root in an interval of time at a determinate pressure [mg g et al. 1987). It depends on osmotic potential gradients which result from differences in the composition and t...

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Section: Numerical Modeling Of Root Metal Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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“…The ability of such bacteria to degrade the complex mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil has in fact been actually carried out in Ankleshwar, India, (Verma et al 2006) in which Bacillus sp. degraded TPH up to 59 % in total.…”

Section: Current Research Challenges In the Acceleration Of The Removmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Microbe Association-Assisted Removal of Heavy Metals and Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Sarma¹,

Prasad

2015

Springer Geology

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Contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals is a rather serious problem across the world and poses a major threat to living organisms. These are considered to be carcinogens and are constituents of oil sludge. The magnitude of PAHs released into the environment has increased drastically in recent times. This is mostly due to petroleum waste or seepage during transportation of crude oil. There have been several instances of oil spills on the coasts of India and elsewhere. In northeast India, PAHs pollution is evident at the sites of drilling and refinery sites. The boiling points of high molecular weight PAHs are very high and they are almost difficult to decompose. Their hydrophobicity causes these compounds to accumulate and sequester in soil organic matter; thus, their desorption from soil limits the efficiency of biodegradation in situ. This chapter will focus on the various case studies where plant-microbe association has been used to assist bioremediation process of PAHs and heavy metals in oilcontaminated soil. Topics to be covered include how plants and microbes together effect the remediation process, bioavailability of PAHs, facilitating the movement of essential nutrients, air and water and production of biosurfactants in faster acceleration of the removal process.

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“…On the other hand, mechanistic models simulate the solute extraction by plant roots mathematically using certain biochemical uptake kinetics [3,13,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. These mechanistic models of solute uptake can be further subdivided in two categories; (i) passive and (ii) active uptake types, based on the consideration of solute uptake parameters.…”

Section: Overview Of the Metal Uptake Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizofiltration of a Heavy Metal (Lead) Containing Wastewater Using the Wetland Plant Carex pendula

Yadav

Siebel

Bruggen

2011

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Research Article Rhizofiltration of a Heavy Metal (Lead) Containing Wastewater Using the Wetland Plant Carex pendulaRhizofiltration is a subset technique of phytoremediation which refers to the approach of using plant biomass for removing contaminants, primarily toxic metals, from polluted water. The effective implementation of this in situ remediation technology requires experimental as well as conceptual insight of plant-water interactions that control the extraction of targeted metal from polluted water resources. Therefore, pot and simulation experiments are used in this study to investigate the rhizofiltration of a lead containing wastewater using plants of Carex pendula, a common wetland plant found in Europe. The metal contaminant extraction along with plant growth and water uptake rates from a wastewater having varying Pb concentration is studied experimentally for 2 wk. The temporal distribution of the metal concentration in the wastewater and the accumulated metal in different compartments of C. pendula at the end are analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Parameters of the metal uptake kinetics are deduced experimentally for predicting the metal removal by root biomass. Further, mass balance equations coupled with the characterized metal uptake kinetics are used for simulating the metal partitioning from the wastewater to its accumulation in the plant biomass. The simulated metal content in wastewater and plant biomass is compared with the observed data showing a good agreement with the later. Results show that C. pendula accumulates considerable amounts of lead, particularly in root biomass, and can be considered for the cleanup of lead contaminated wastewaters in combination with proper biomass disposal alternatives. Also, the findings can be used for performing further non-hydroponics experiment to mimic the real wetland conditions more closely.

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Modeling rhizofiltration: heavy-metal uptake by plant roots

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

Plant-Microbe Association-Assisted Removal of Heavy Metals and Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Rhizofiltration of a Heavy Metal (Lead) Containing Wastewater Using the Wetland Plant Carex pendula

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