Modeling seepage erosion and bank retreat in a composite river bank

Karmaker, Tapas; Dutta, Subashisa

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.10.032

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For the Pulmanki River, the bank sediment moisture rose after each rain event and bank collapses occurred after the rain had started and before the rising water level. Our results are also consistent with the observations of Karmaker and Dutta (), namely that the total annual river bank erosion in composite river banks can be caused by both groundwater seepage and fluvial erosion. Thus, the results agree with Karmaker and Dutta () and Fox et al () that erosion was controlled by the combination of groundwater seepage and fluvial erosion, in addition to mass failures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sub‐arctic river bank dynamics and driving processes during the open‐channel flow period

Lotsari

Hackney

Salmela

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is growing concern that rapidly changing climate in high latitudes may generate significant geomorphological changes that could mobilise floodplain sediments and carbon; however detailed investigations into the bank erosion process regimes of high latitude rivers remain lacking. Here we employ a combination of thermal and RGB colour time‐lapse photos in concert with water level, flow characteristics, bank sediment moisture and temperature, and topographical data to analyse river bank dynamics during the open‐channel flow period (the period from the rise of the spring snowmelt flood until the autumn low flow period) for a subarctic river in northern Finland (Pulmanki River). We show how variations of bank sediment temperature and moisture affect bank erosion rates and locations, how bank collapses relate to fluvial processes, and elucidate the seasonal variations and interlinkages between the different driving processes. We find that areas with high levels of groundwater content and loose sand layers were the most prone areas for bank erosion. Groundwater seeping caused continuous erosion throughout the study period, whereas erosion by flowing river water occurred during the peak of snowmelt flood. However, erosion also occurred during the falling phase of the spring flood, mainly due to mass failures. The rising phase of the spring flood therefore did not affect the river bank as much as its peak or receding phases. This is explained because the bank is resistant to erosion due to the prevalence of still frozen and drier sediments at the beginning of the spring flood. Overall, most bank erosion and deposition occurrences were observed during the low flow period after the spring flood. This highlights that spring melt, while often delivering the highest discharges, may not be the main driver of bank erosion in sub‐arctic meandering rivers. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sub‐arctic river bank dynamics and driving processes during the open‐channel flow period

Lotsari

Hackney

Salmela

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…22). The bank's soil of the river is highly erodible 23 and various reaches of the Brahmaputra river experience severe bank erosion during and after the monsoon every year due to seepage and fluvial erosion 24,25 .…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Channel Instability in the Braided Brahmaputra River Using Satellite Imagery

Karmaker¹,

Medhi²,

Dutta³

2017

Current Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, instability of the river reach of Brahmaputra was analysed for braided belt width changes, braiding index and bar area. The river reach of the Brahmaputra from its confluence of Lohit, Dibang and Dihang to its confluence with the Tista river was studied from 1973 to 2009. The study was carried out using remotely sensed data from Landsat satellites at different dates. Discharge data synchronized with satellite data was collected by maintaining near-similar water level or discharge. Wavelet of the braided belt change was analysed to get the wavelet power and spatial extent of the changes. Finally, stream power was analysed from the average discharge data during the monsoon period to determine its effect on the instability of parameters considered. Results indicate that stream power does not directly relate to local changes in the braided belt or braiding index. However, with decrease in stream power, an increasing trend of bar area was found. Maximum wavelet power within a period showed a threshold behaviour at stream power of 5 W/km, beyond which the wavelet power raised sharply to a high value with increase in stream power. River response to the stream power was found at a global level rather than local level. Finally, a gradual decrease in stream power over time indicates the stable river reach. However, changes due to local bank erosion cannot be predicted using this analysis.

show abstract

“…Bank retreat usually includes two components: direct fluvial erosion by near‐bank flows and bank failure in response to geotechnical instability. The magnitude of fluvial erosion at the bank toe over a given period can be predicted by various empirical relationships, and the corresponding erosion rate is generally assumed to be equal to the product of the erodibility coefficient and the near‐bank excess shear stress (Julian & Torres, ; Karmaker & Dutta, , ). Mass failure can be predicted in terms of geotechnical slope stability or based on fluvial and gravitational forces that overcome the resisting forces of friction, interlocking, and cohesion (Amiri‐Tokaldany et al, ; Karmaker & Dutta, ; Midgley et al, ; Osman & Thorne, ; Partheniades, ; Simon, Curini, Darby, & Langendoen, ; Thorne & Tovey, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of the retreat process of composite riverbank in the Jingjiang Reach using the improved BSTEM

Zong

Xia

Deng

et al. 2017

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bank retreat in the Jingjiang Reach is closely related not only to the near‐bank intensity of fluvial erosion but also to the composition and mechanical properties of bank soils. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly simulate bank retreat to determine the characteristics of fluvial processes in the Jingjiang Reach. The current version of bank stability and toe erosion model (5.4) was improved to predict riverbank retreat, by inputting a dynamic water table, and calculating the approximation of the distribution of dynamic pore water pressure in the soil near the river bank face, and considering the depositional form of the failed blocks, which is assumedly based on a triangular distribution, with the slope approximately equalling the stable submerged bank slope and half of collapsed volume deposited in the bank‐toe region. The degrees of riverbank stability at Jing34 were calculated using the improved bank stability and toe erosion model. The results indicate the following trends: (a) the degrees of riverbank stability were high during the dry season and the rising stage, which led to minimal bank failure, and (b) the stability degrees were low during the flood season and the recession stage, with the events of bank collapse occurring frequently, which belonged to a stage of intensive bank erosion. Considering the effects of bank‐toe erosion, water table lag, and the depositional form of the collapsed bank soil, the bank‐retreat process was simulated at the right riverbank of Jing34. The model‐predicted results exhibit close agreement with the measured data, including the total bank‐retreat width and the collapsed bank profile. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the quantitative effects of toe erosion and water table lag on the degree of bank stability. The calculated results for toe erosion indicate that the amount of toe erosion was largest during the flood season, which was a primary reason for bank failure. The influence of water table lag on the degree of stability demonstrates that water table lag was an important cause of bank failure during the recession stage.

show abstract

Modeling seepage erosion and bank retreat in a composite river bank

Cited by 43 publications

References 31 publications

Sub‐arctic river bank dynamics and driving processes during the open‐channel flow period

Sub‐arctic river bank dynamics and driving processes during the open‐channel flow period

Study of Channel Instability in the Braided Brahmaputra River Using Satellite Imagery

Modelling of the retreat process of composite riverbank in the Jingjiang Reach using the improved BSTEM

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About