Modeling temperature effects on a Coriolis mass flowmeter

Costa, Fábio Ouverney; Pope, Jodie G.; Gillis, Keith A.

doi:10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2020.101811

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The phase difference depends on the flow and on the elastic properties of the oscillating metal pipe. The temperature dependencies of the elastic properties of the metal flow tube must be known to accurately model Coriolis meters, particularly for cryogenic applications [136]. Coriolis meters can be subject to calibration changes caused by vibrations from external sources and details of their installation that influence the U-bend resonance.…”

Section: Working Standard Flow Meters and Meters Used In Parallelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas flow standards and their uncertainty

Wright¹,

Nakao²,

Johnson³

et al. 2022

Metrologia

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We review primary and working gas flow standards that are used to calibrate gas flow meters. For each type of primary standard, we describe the principles and practical considerations of its operation and describe one example implementation. We identify the practical limits of the example's performance, and, in many instances, we provide an uncertainty budget for a typical flow. The reviewed standards span the flow range 2.2 × 10-7 g/s to 520 kg/s. The references point to standards that operate at higher and at lower flows. The reviewed standards include volumetric flow standards (piston and bell provers, pressure-volume-temperature-time standards, rate of rise standards), static and dynamic gravimetric flow standards, and velocity × area standards such as critical flow venturis, laser doppler anemometer surveys, and multipath-ultrasonic meters. Finally, we describe working standard flow meters used in parallel to attain higher flows than economically practical via primary methods.

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Section: Working Standard Flow Meters and Meters Used In Parallelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas flow standards and their uncertainty

Wright¹,

Nakao²,

Johnson³

et al. 2022

Metrologia

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show abstract

“…For example, it is known that the Young's modulus influences the measurement result. While Poisson's ratio is also important for a U-tube CFM [14] it plays no significant role for a straight tube CFM [15]. This means that the flow through CFMs of other shapes, such as the delta shape, could in principle obey other equations and be influenced by other factors.…”

Section: Analytical and Finite Element Modelling Of Cfm Uncertainty I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FEM model considers fixed boundary conditions at the connection of the tube to the supporting structure and temperature-dependent material properties of stainless steel 316 using empirical models for the elastic and shear moduli from [14], which are originally based on data from [16], and for the thermal strain from the NIST website [17], which rely on data from [18]. Each simulation consists of three steps: (i) static analysis, where the static centrifugal force acting on curved sections and the virtual external force of thermal expansion are taken into account and the resulting static internal axial forces and/or deflections are calculated; (ii) modal analysis, where the natural frequencies of the tube are calculated; and (iii) harmonic analysis, where the corresponding phase differences are calculated.…”

Section: Analytical and Finite Element Modelling Of Cfm Uncertainty I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establish traceability for liquefied hydrogen flow measurements

Schakel¹,

Gugole²,

Standiford³

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 19th International Flow Measurement Conference 2022 on Flow Measurement - FLOMEKO 2022

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The EU aims to be climate-neutral by 2050 and usage of liquid hydrogen (LH2) for transportation is expected to grow fast. With the expected uptake, traceability in custody transfer is required. Existing metrological infrastructure can be used to provide traceability with basic calibrations performed typically under ambient conditions. However, due to the very challenging LH2 process conditions, with temperatures as low as 20 K, there is a need to determine the flow measurement uncertainty at these process conditions. Within the Joint Research Project (JRP) 20IND11 "Metrology infrastructure for high-pressure gas and liquified hydrogen flows" (MetHyInfra) [1], traceability for liquefied hydrogen flow measurements is developed by a three-pronged approach: (I) assessment of transferability of water and LNG calibrations to LH2 conditions; (II) cryogenic Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) adapted to LH2 flow applications; (III) assessment of transferability of water, liquefied nitrogen, and liquefied helium calibrations in the vaporisation method to LH2 conditions. In this paper the initial MetHyInfra project results are presented comprising: (I) description of LH2 flow meters, water and LNG calibration results, analytical model prediction statements of uncertainty at LH2 conditions when calibration is performed under ambient conditions, finite element numerical modelling analysis of various thermal effects affecting CFMs at LH2 conditions, (II) design modifications of cryogenic LDV to ensure operability at LH2 conditions, (III) description of the vaporisation standard. It was found that obtaining a definite quantitative number of liquefied hydrogen flow measurement uncertainty from the analytical model is challenging for a variety of reasons.

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