Modeling the Chlorine-Conveying Process Within a Drinking Water Distribution Network

rlan, Cristina-Mihaela V; Toma, Daniel Mihai; Stătescu, Florian; Marcoie, Nicolae; Prăjanu, Costel-Cătălin

doi:10.30638/eemj.2021.048

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…EPANET 2.0 software, developed by the US-EPA Environmental Protection Agency, allows users to simulate a network in real time, based on hydraulic data and water quality parameters [22]. This software has been utilized by several researchers since the 1990s to estimate the amount of chlorine that remains in the water distribution system after chlorination.…”

Section: Epanet Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Decay Simulation in Real Water Distribution System Using Epanet Program

Malika,

Hassiba,

Radouane

et al. 2023

Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics

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Deterioration of treated drinking water intended for consumption during distribution may be due to physical, chemical or microbiological changes that occur in the water. In addition, the type of pipe material and disintegration of a disinfectant agent can affect the quality of the water supplied. Therefore, the research approach is to simulate the decay residual Cl2 through potable water distribution networks produced by a desalination plant of Oran city in western Algeria. EPANET 2.0 software was used for estimating and predicting Cl2 concentration at different water network points. The value of bulk flow decay coefficient (Kb) is set to -1,99 day-1 for a 50-year-old steel pipe, value for the wall decay coefficient (Kw) was determined using a trial-and-error procedure and assumed to be -1,2 day-1. An efficient model with an extended simulations period of 72 h can plot spatial and temporal variations of residual Cl2 concentrations at all links and nodes. Cl2 is injected at the El Mactaa desalination plant, with a concentration of 0.6 mg/l permanently. As well, it was observed that 51.33% of the Cl2 loss is due to pipe wall reaction, while 42.34 and 6.33% represent the bulk and tank reactions respectively. The results show that the range of residual Cl2 (0.11-0,45 mg/l) and most of the measured values are less than are below the minimum authorized threshold (0.2 – 0.5 mg/l) WHO standard. Therefore, it is recommended to rehabilitate the old water transfer pipes and re-chlorination stations were necessary to add into network. Statistical analysis shows that the calculated results correspond well to the observed data. EPANET can follow the Cl2 concentration in the drinking water network produced by El Mactaa desalination plant. It is a research tool to improve our understanding of water movement in the distribution system.

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Section: Epanet Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Decay Simulation in Real Water Distribution System Using Epanet Program

Malika,

Hassiba,

Radouane

et al. 2023

Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics

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“…To give an instance of the countless chlorine decay studies by EPANET, Vîrlan et al (2021) found that when water consumption is high, the water velocity gets higher, which means water passes faster through the network making the contact time of chlorine with the dissipation-causing materials becomes less. Abokifa et al (2018) also used EPANET to find the optimal location for re-chlorination units.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Chlorine Modeling by EPANET in Drinking Water Distribution Networks: A Study on Chlorine Dissipation in Al Seeb, Sultanate of Oman

Sukaiti,

Ahmed

2024

Preprint

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Controlling the residual chlorine concentrations is crucial in the management of water quality in drinking water systems to avoid overdosing or insufficient doses issues. The research employs EPANET to simulate chlorine dissipation in a part of the Sultanate of Oman's drinking water distribution network. To estimate chlorine bulk and wall decay rates through the real network, a combination of bottle tests and a pilot-scale pipe system were involved in this research. EPANET simulations conducted under two scenarios reveal that the first scenario aligns most closely with actual network conditions. The results shed light on the critical consideration of wall decay, particularly in aging pipe sections, suggesting that neglecting this factor may lead to inaccurate predictions. Model validity is shown to be influenced by initial chlorine concentrations, underscoring the significance of obtaining precise data about the network starting from the main reservoirs’ outlet to the last pipes section. This study suggested further investigations into the latest part of the selected distribution network that showed a necessity to enhance free residual chlorine. Potential strategies should be developed for effective monitoring and management of residual chlorine concentrations, taking into consideration the factors that may affect its dissipation.

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Improving chlorine residual predictions in water distribution systems using recurrent neural networks

Riyadh,

Zayat,

Chaaban

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Modeling the Chlorine-Conveying Process Within a Drinking Water Distribution Network

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Chlorine Decay Simulation in Real Water Distribution System Using Epanet Program

Chlorine Decay Simulation in Real Water Distribution System Using Epanet Program

Residual Chlorine Modeling by EPANET in Drinking Water Distribution Networks: A Study on Chlorine Dissipation in Al Seeb, Sultanate of Oman

Improving chlorine residual predictions in water distribution systems using recurrent neural networks

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