Modeling the dual oxygen- and pH-stimulated response of hemoglobin-loaded polyampholyte hydrogel for oxygen-pH coupled biosensor platform

In this paper, we present the rich physics and chemistry of the gastric digestion of protein gels. Knowledge of this matter is important for the development of sustainable protein foods that are based on novel proteins sources like plant proteins or insects. Their digestibility is an important question in the design of these new protein foods. As polyelectrolyte gels, they can undergo volume changes upon shifts in pH or ionic strengths, as protein gels experience when entering the gastric environment. We show that these volume changes can be modelled using the Flory-Rehner theory, combined with Gibbs-Donnan theory accounting for the distribution of electrolytes over gel and bath. In-vitro experiments of soy protein gels in simulated gastric fluid indeed show intricate swelling behaviour, at first the gels show swelling but at longer times they shrink again. Simulations performed with the Flory-Rehner/Gibbs-Donnan theory reproduce qualitatively similar behaviour. In the final part of the paper, we discuss how the model must be extended to model realistic conditions existing in the in-vivo gastric environment.

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“…For a gel the osmotic pressure difference between gel and bath, indicated with index α and β respectively ( Goh et al., 2019 ):

with

…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical chemistry of gastric digestion of proteins gels

Sman

Houlder

Cornet

et al. 2020

Current Research in Food Science

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“…[92] Therefore, hemoglobin is often loaded into hydrogels for medical applications in oxygen delivery, such as treating ischemic diseases or tissue engineering. [92] In order to create a potential cell platform with oxygenresponsive biosensing or oxygen-rich biofuels, Goh et al [96] infused hemoglobin into polyampholyte hydrogels, capitalizing on hemoglobin's superior oxygen-carrying capacity to endow the hydrogels with adequate oxygen transport potential. This integration facilitates an enhanced oxidation reaction, positioning the system as a promising candidate for biofuel cell materials.…”

Section: Hemoglobin-loaded Hydrogelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen‐Releasing Hydrogels for Tissue Regeneration

Jiang,

Zheng,

Xia

et al. 2024

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

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Hydrogels have emerged as a focal point of research in the biomedical field due to their applications in tissue repair. However, the majority of hydrogels lack the capability to release oxygen, constraining their therapeutic outcomes in environments with hypoxic tissues. In recent years, oxygen‐releasing hydrogels have garnered extensive attention in the field of tissue engineering, owing to their ability to modulate oxygen release and meet the diverse oxygenation requirements of various tissues. These hydrogels can enhance repair efficiency and promote tissue regeneration in hypoxic tissue environments. The design of oxygen‐releasing hydrogels primarily involves the utilization of diverse oxygen sources, such as algae, perfluorocarbons, and peroxides, to achieve optimal tissue oxygenation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the design and fabrication strategies of oxygen‐releasing hydrogels, discusses deeply into their underlying oxygen‐releasing mechanisms, and their myriad applications in tissue repair along with the prospective challenges.

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“…However all prior studies were performed on intact skin where pH is relatively consistent. [42] There has been a recent effort to simultaneously detect oxygen and pH, [43][44][45] and importantly, a proof-of-concept clinical implementation was performed for monitoring the pH and oxygen of cancer patients' skin after radiation. [46] While this demonstrates the emerging potential of dually-emissive phosphors, there is currently an unmet need to adapt these sensing materials for use in open weeping wounds-while still being able to easily integrate into clinical standard-of-care workflows for chronic wounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Luminescence Photography of a Swellable Hydrogel Dressing with a Traffic‐Light Response to Oxygen

Marks

Cook

Roussakis

et al. 2022

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Sensor-integrated wound dressings are emerging tools applicable to a wide variety of medical applications from emergency triage to at-home monitoring. Uncomfortable, unnecessary wound dressing changes may be avoided by providing quantitative insight into tissue characteristics related to wound healing such as tissue oxygenation, pH, and exudate/transudate volume. Here, a simple cost-effective methodology for quantifying oxygen and pH in a swellable hydrogel dressing using a single photograph is presented. The red and green luminescence of a novel dendritic polyamine Pt-porphyrin and fluorescein conjugate quantitatively responds to oxygen and pH, respectively, and enables robust sensing. The porphyrin conjugate, when combined with a four-arm star polyethylene glycol (PEG) amine polymer, rapidly crosslinks at room temperature with an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-PEG crosslinker to form a color-changing hydrogel dressing with tunable swelling capabilities applicable to a variety of wound environments. An inexpensive digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera modified with bandpass filters captures the hydrogel luminescence using simple macroscopic photography, and conversion to HSB colorspace allows for intensity-independent image analysis of the hydrogels' dual modality response. The hydrogel formulation exhibits a robust and validated visible red-orange-green "traffic light" spectrum in response to oxygen changes, regardless of swelling state, pH, or autofluorescence from skin, thereby enabling the clinician friendly naked-eye feedback.

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Modeling the dual oxygen- and pH-stimulated response of hemoglobin-loaded polyampholyte hydrogel for oxygen-pH coupled biosensor platform

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Physical chemistry of gastric digestion of proteins gels

Physical chemistry of gastric digestion of proteins gels

Oxygen‐Releasing Hydrogels for Tissue Regeneration

Quantitative Luminescence Photography of a Swellable Hydrogel Dressing with a Traffic‐Light Response to Oxygen

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