Modeling the Sorption of Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ on Saprist Peat Using the Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

A detailed study of the sorption of Ni 2+ and Co 2+ from simulated wastewater on saprist peat is presented. The significantly decomposed peat possessed a strong sorptive capacity that was maintained over a wide range of pH. With a metal concentration range of 50 to 200 mg/L, pH range of 3 to 10, peat dose of 2 to 40 g/L, and contact time of 12 to 24 h, batch experiments were conducted based on a four-factor Box-Behnken response surface design. The percentage removals of Ni 2+ and Co 2+ were analyzed using analysis of variance. Second order response surface models were developed with the significant factors and their interactions to predict the percentage sorption of Ni 2+ and Co 2+ independently. The prediction equations were verified with additional data not used in developing the equations. The study showed that the saprist peat could be a potential industrial metal adsorbent and the percentage of uptake of Ni 2+ and Co 2+ could be accurately predicted using the second order response surface models developed. Ni 2+ uptake was greater for the two metals and reached a maximum value at just below a neutral pH and Co 2+ uptake continued to increase from pH > 5, with higher uptake percentage at pH 10.