Modeling Traffic Congestion in Developing Countries using Google Maps Data

Abstract

Traffic congestion research is on the rise, thanks to urbanization, economic growth, and industrialization. Developed countries invest a lot of research money in collecting traffic data using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), loop detectors, speed sensors, high-end traffic light, and GPS. However, these processes are expensive, infeasible, and non-scalable for developing countries with numerous non-motorized vehicles, proliferated ride-sharing services, and frequent pedestrians. This paper proposes a novel approach to collect traffic data from Google Map's traffic layer with minimal cost. We have implemented widely used models such as Historical Averages (HA), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Support Vector Regression with Graph (SVR-Graph), Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) to show the efficacy of the collected traffic data in forecasting future congestion. We show that even with these simple models, we could predict the traffic congestion ahead of time. We also demonstrate that the traffic patterns are significantly different between weekdays and weekends.