“…The concept of ES was therefore useful for capturing the multiple functions of wetlands (MA, 2005;Maltby, 2009;Horwitz and Finlayson, 2011;Qiao et al, 2018;Yan and Zhang, 2019). It allows multi-target evaluation, which becomes an important stage of promoting the wetland health assessment instead of traditional single domain evaluation (e.g., landscape development intensity, indices of biological integrity, pressure-state-response model method and landscape pattern index) (Niemeijer and Groot, 2008;Zhang et al, 2012;Péron et al, 2013;Jones et al, 2016;Martin et al, 2018;Purvaja et al, 2018;Schmidt et al, 2019). Index evaluation methods, based on the ES concept, have been widely concerned and applied (Doyle et al, 2013;Aslaksen et al, 2015;Rodríguez-Loinaz et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2016;Xie et al, 2018;Blumetto et al, 2019).…”