“…This vision contrasts with the Platonic tradition at the origin of Cartesian thought and positivism where “truth is eternal” (Herfel et al, 2011, p. 1). In France, universitarization has led to experimentation with systemic approaches and their application to the training system (Cochet, 1996; Guyet, 2019; Panchout et al, 2019; Signeyrole, 2015). This is becoming more widespread in other countries (Soussi et al, 2021).…”