Modelled three-dimensional suction accuracy predicts prey capture success in three species of centrarchid fishes

Kane, Emily A.; Higham, Timothy E.

doi:10.1098/rsif.2014.0223

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Conversely, successful ambush predators may not necessarily be the fastest, but rather the individuals that target prey in such a way that enhances the element of surprise. Our findings also highlight the importance of incorporating accuracy, as well as speed, into studies that aim to understand capture success among predatory vertebrates, as in Higham, Day, and Wainwright (2006) and Kane and Higham (2014). Lastly, our study illustrates the importance of complementing laboratory studies with observations of free-ranging individuals in nature: the ultimate outcome of interactions was influenced by predator attack accuracy, prey reaction time, prey manoeuvrability and the physical struggle between both parties to retain or remove fangs after the bite.…”

Section: Con Clus Ionsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Determinants of predation success: How to survive an attack from a rattlesnake

et al. 2019

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The selection pressures that arise from capturing prey and avoiding predators are some of the strongest biotic forces shaping animal form and function. Examining how performance (i.e., athletic ability) affects the outcomes of encounters between free‐ranging predators and prey is essential for understanding the determinants of predation success rates and broad scale predator–prey dynamics, but quantifying these encounters in natural situations is logistically challenging. The goal of our study was to examine how various metrics of predator/prey performance determine predation success by studying natural predator–prey interactions in the field with minimal manipulation of the study subjects. We used high‐speed video recordings of free‐ranging sidewinder rattlesnakes (predator, Crotalus cerastes) and desert kangaroo rats (prey, Dipodomys deserti) to study how performance at various stages of their encounters alters the outcome of their interactions. We found that predation success depends on (a) whether the rattlesnake struck accurately, (b) if the rattlesnake strike was accurate, the reaction time and escape manoeuvres of the kangaroo rat, and (c) if the kangaroo rat was bitten, the ability of the kangaroo rat to use defensive manoeuvres to avoid subjugation by the snake. The results of our study suggest that the role of performance in predator–prey interactions is complex, and the determinants of predation success are altered by both predator and prey at multiple stages of an interaction in ways that may not be apparent in many experimental contexts. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13318/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Con Clus Ionsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Determinants of predation success: How to survive an attack from a rattlesnake

et al. 2019

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“…S1). However, this inference is justified by the observation that fish generally position themselves such that the prey is located in front of the mouth (Drost, 1987;Higham et al, 2006;Kane and Higham, 2014).…”

Section: Implications For Larval Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suction-feeding across fish life stages: Flow dynamics from larvae to adults and implications for prey capture

Yaniv

Elad

Holzman

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Suction feeding is thought to be the primary mode of prey capture in most larval fishes. Similar to adult suction feeders, larvae swim towards their prey while rapidly expanding their mouth cavity to generate an inward flow of water that draws the prey into the mouth. Although larvae are known to experience flows with lower Reynolds numbers than adults, it is unclear how the suction-induced flow field changes throughout ontogeny, and how such changes relate to prey capture performance. To address these questions, we determined mouth dimensions and opening speeds in Sparus aurata from firstfeeding larvae to adults. We proceeded to develop a computational model of mouth expansion in order to analyze the scaling of suction flows under the observed parameters. Larval fish produced suction flows that were around two orders of magnitude slower than those of adults. Compared with adult fish, in which flow speed decays steeply with distance in front of the mouth, flow speed decayed more gradually in larval fish. This difference indicates that viscous forces in low Reynolds number flows modify the spatial distribution flow speed in front of the mouth. Consequently, simulated predator-prey encounters showed that larval fish could capture inert prey from a greater distance compared with adults. However, if prey attempted to escape then larval fish performed poorly: simulations inferred capture success in only weakly escaping prey immediately in front of the mouth. These ontogenetic changes in Reynolds number, suctioninduced flow field and feeding performance could explain a widespread ontogenetic diet shift from passive prey at early life stages to evasive prey as larvae mature.

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“…The two-dimensional and three-dimensional global flow fields can be calculated from spatial cross-correlation techniques to help reveal the fluid basis of fish function and behaviour [84]. For example, threedimensional suction accuracy in centrarchid fishes was recently modelled and related to capture success [85].…”

Section: (B) Hydrodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation through the lens of biomechanics: locomotion, prey capture and reproductive isolation

et al. 2016

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Speciation is a multifaceted process that involves numerous aspects of the biological sciences and occurs for multiple reasons. Ecology plays a major role, including both abiotic and biotic factors. Whether populations experience similar or divergent ecological environments, they often adapt to local conditions through divergence in biomechanical traits. We investigate the role of biomechanics in speciation using fish predator -prey interactions, a primary driver of fitness for both predators and prey. We highlight specific groups of fishes, or specific species, that have been particularly valuable for understanding these dynamic interactions and offer the best opportunities for future studies that link genetic architecture to biomechanics and reproductive isolation (RI). In addition to emphasizing the key biomechanical techniques that will be instrumental, we also propose that the movement towards linking biomechanics and speciation will include (i) establishing the genetic basis of biomechanical traits, (ii) testing whether similar and divergent selection lead to biomechanical divergence, and (iii) testing whether/how biomechanical traits affect RI. Future investigations that examine speciation through the lens of biomechanics will propel our understanding of this key process.

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Modelled three-dimensional suction accuracy predicts prey capture success in three species of centrarchid fishes

Cited by 33 publications

References 58 publications

Determinants of predation success: How to survive an attack from a rattlesnake

Determinants of predation success: How to survive an attack from a rattlesnake

Suction-feeding across fish life stages: Flow dynamics from larvae to adults and implications for prey capture

Speciation through the lens of biomechanics: locomotion, prey capture and reproductive isolation

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