Modelling alterations in the partition coefficient in in vitro biological systems using headspace gas chromatography

McIntosh, James M.; Heffron, J. J. A.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00506-x

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Medium/air partition coefficients ( K ) for DCM, DCE, TCE, and PERC were determined according to the method described by McIntosh and Heffron 24 and McDermott et al 23 The partition coefficients were determined over concentration ranges used in this study. Equilibrium liquid-phase solvent concentrations were calculated based on these medium/air partition coefficient values.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Industrially Relevant Chlorinated Organic Solvents In Vitro

McDermott

Heffron

2013

Int J Toxicol

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The cytotoxic effects of 4 industrially important chlorinated organic solvents, dichloromethane (DCM), 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and tetrachloroethylene (PERC) in vitro, were investigated. Jurkat T cells were exposed to the solvents individually for 72 hours and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, cell proliferation, intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]), and caspase-3 activity were measured. There was a concentration-dependent increase in the ROS formation and intracellular free [Ca(2+)] following exposure to each of the solvents. This was accompanied by a decrease in the cell proliferation. Solvent potency decreased in the following order: PERC > TCE > DCM > DCE. Caspase-3 activity was increased in a concentration-dependent manner by TCE and PERC but was not significantly altered by DCM or DCE. n-Acetyl-l-cysteine pretreatment showed that changes in the intracellular free [Ca(2+)] and caspase-3 activity were independent of ROS formation. However, increased ROS formation did play a causal role in the decreased cell proliferation observed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Industrially Relevant Chlorinated Organic Solvents In Vitro

McDermott

Heffron

2013

Int J Toxicol

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“…Quantification of solvent exposure level. Headspace GC was employed to determine the equilibrium gas (C G ) phase solvent concentration in the exposure vessels (McDermott et al, 2007b;McIntosh and Heffron, 2000). A series of headspace standards was prepared by the total vaporization technique (Kolb and Ettre, 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Exposure of Jurkat T-Cells to Industrially Important Organic Solvents in Binary Combination: Interaction Analysis

McDermott

Allshire

Pelt

et al. 2007

Toxicological Sciences

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Humans are frequently exposed to mixtures of environmental pollutants at low levels over prolonged periods of time yet most toxicity studies deal with acute exposure to high concentrations of single chemicals. Investigation of the biological effects and possible toxic interactions during long-term exposure to such mixtures is warranted. Here Jurkat T-cells were exposed to toluene, n-hexane and methyl ethyl ketone in binary combination. Concentration ranges were centered on thresholds at which the individual agents caused cell toxicity under otherwise similar conditions, and concentrations were confirmed by headspace gas chromatography. After 5 days cells were harvested and toxicity measured in terms of membrane damage (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] leakage), perturbations in [Ca(2+)](i) and changes in glutathione redox status. Data for all three endpoints were subjected to isobolographic analysis to test for interaction between components of the solvent mixture. Almost all combinations of toluene and n-hexane elicited greater than additive toxicity in terms of each of the three endpoints, as did methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)/n-hexane and MEK/toluene combinations for the LDH and glutathione endpoints. The main exceptions were the two combinations involving MEK, which caused less than additive effects on perturbations of [Ca(2+)](i). It is concluded that toxicity in immune-derived T cells may exhibit greater than additive effects when there is coexposure to organic solvents. This may have implications for risk assessment of environmental exposure to these agents.

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