Modelling and design of observer based smooth sliding mode controller for heart rhythm regulation

Semnani, M. Ali Akbar; Vali, Ahmad Reza; Hakimi, Seyed Mehdi; Behnamgol, Vahid

doi:10.1007/s40435-021-00847-8

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This reflects the possibility of suppressing undesirable behaviors in a cardiac model and restoring a normal rhythm by using control techniques. Compared with the methods in [22], [23], [24], [27], and [28], the proposed Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy representation leads to simple LMI design conditions. Moreover, with the inclusion of parametric uncertainty in the tuning parameter η in Theorem 2, the proposed robust tracking controller can deal with a variety of undesired arrhythmias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figures 6 illustrates the simulation result of the robust tracking control applied to an ECG nonlinear oscillator with the above configurations. Over the first 10 seconds, the slave system is operating in an open-loop way and the robust tracking controller (23) takes action starting at t = 10 s. For the sake of comparison, we have switched the output vectors C of the slave system to that for the normal heartbeat for t > 10 s. Finally, the states of both the slave system (with η = 2.178) as well as the reference system, the tracking error, Compared to other works that use multivariable control such as the adaptive scheme to synchronize a pair of identical autonomous cardiac conduction models in [27], and the rate regulation of a bradycardia ECG signal in [28], our approach deals with a model based-tracking control method to restore the dynamics of an uncertain nonlinear oscillator from an abnormal situation (arrhythmia-like waveform) to normal behavior as shown in Figure 6. Some studies focused on the stabilization of unstable periodic orbits (see [23], [24]) have successfully suppressed undesired chaotic behavior that may be associated with cardiac pathologies.…”

Section: Proofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boroujeni et al [26] presented a nonlinear spatio-temporal delayed feedback control strategy to stabilize alternans of cardiac tissue modeled by a nonlinear partial difference equation. Recent works have considered multivariable control (MIMO) schemes, for instance, the proposal in [27] synchronized two identical non-autonomous nonlinear oscillators, represented in both integer-order and fractional-order forms, via an adaptive control law, while the research in [28] utilizes an observer-based smooth sliding mode controller to regulate the heart rate with bradycardia. A novel neural network-based backstepping approach to achieve pacing-rate control, with the potential for dual-sensor pacemaker applications, was given in [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-Model-Based Tracking Framework to Regulate Heart Rhythm Dynamics

et al. 2023

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Arrhythmias are conditions characterized by a faster, slower, or irregular heart rhythm. Some of them may be harmless and brief, but others can lead to sudden cardiac arrest. Thus, procedures that safely restore a normal heartbeat are a matter of interest. Laboratory experiments have evidenced that some arrhythmia exhibit nonlinear deterministic behavior, which justifies the need to build mathematical models for heartbeat description. The study of these models may contribute to a better understanding of arrhythmias mechanism and new heartbeat control treatments. This paper addresses a model-based tracking control method for heart rhythm regulation in a cardiac model. Since there is no consensus on the equations describing the heart dynamics, we leverage a nonlinear oscillator that is able to reproduce a variety of electrocardiogram-like waveforms when adjusting a parameter. First of all, the nonlinear system under study is represented as a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. Due to its multiple local linear systems structure, tracking control design conditions for both nominal and uncertain slave systems are formulated as linear matrix inequalities. The simulation examples show that the proposed feedback control framework can restore the heart rhythm dynamics from a non-desirable situation to the normal behavior given by the reference system, which reveals a proof of concept to use tracking control techniques to suppress pathological behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-Model-Based Tracking Framework to Regulate Heart Rhythm Dynamics

et al. 2023

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“…However, this method does not fully eliminate the chattering so the heart rate is not effectively controlled. M. Ali Akbar Semnani et al 27 had suggested an observer‐based MIMO sliding mode controller was used to regulate the heart rate signal in patients. To replicate the behavior of the electrocardiogram signal and distinguish a healthy heartbeat from that of patients with cardiac conditions, a dynamics model was developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of batteryless cardiac pacemaker through combining thermoelectric generators along with DC‐DC converter

Shwetha¹,

Lakshmi

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Implantable cardiac pacemakers are equipped with batteries to provide power supply that have a limited lifetime. Battery-based implantable cardiac pacemakers need surgical intervention to replace batteries. This is an undesirable condition that can increase the risk of complications and costs for patients. To overcome the above shortcomings, a batteryless cardiac pacemaker is introduced, which harvests energy from the body temperature. In this article, a batteryless cardiac pacemaker is designed, which is powered by sustainable energy sources. Hence, thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are considered the sustainable renewable energy source that powers up cardiac pacemakers with effective reduction in dimension without limiting the capacity. Then, power electronic converters adapted with TEGs has enhanced the ability of controlling environmental conditions as well as maximizing energy harvesting. Therefore, a DC-DC converter is designed with TEG to solve environmental conditions issues of TEG. In this proposed methodology, a TEG with three different types of DC-DC converters is designed and validated to analyze the performance of converters such as boost converter, buck converter, and buckboost converter. The proposed design was analyzed based on a case example and simulated using Cadence Capture CIS. Finally, a prototype of our design was developed to evaluate the experimental outcome. Four modules are designed and validated: general pacemaker, TEG with pacemaker, TEG with boost converter, TEG with buck converter, and TEG with buck-boost List of Symbols and Abbreviations: ρ, density; Q, heat flux; Q, volumetric heat; C P , specific heat at consonant pressure; j !

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Coordination of Active Front Steering and Direct Yaw Control Systems Using MIMO Sliding Mode Control

Muhammad,

Vali,

Kashaninia

et al. 2024

Int. J. Control Autom. Syst.

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Modelling and design of observer based smooth sliding mode controller for heart rhythm regulation

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

A Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-Model-Based Tracking Framework to Regulate Heart Rhythm Dynamics

A Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-Model-Based Tracking Framework to Regulate Heart Rhythm Dynamics

Design and analysis of batteryless cardiac pacemaker through combining thermoelectric generators along with DC‐DC converter

Coordination of Active Front Steering and Direct Yaw Control Systems Using MIMO Sliding Mode Control

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