Modelling and testing of large-scale masonry elements under three-point bending – Tough and strong nacre-like structure enlarged by a factor of 20,000

Wang, Binhua; Hu, Xiaozhi; Lü, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.106961

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Normally, the G is the dimension of the basic building blocks of materials [ 21 ]. For example, the average grain size is identified as the diameter of fiber bundle of bamboo–fiber composites [ 24 ], and is confirmed as the thickness of bricks of large-scale brick-mortar structure [ 26 ]. In this way, the average grain size of wood should be the average diameter of the tracheid, and thus the G is measured to be ~39.50 μm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Fracture Toughness of Softwood and Hardwood Estimated by Boundary Effect Model

Liu

2022

Materials

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The tensile strength and fracture toughness of softwood and hardwood are measured by the Boundary Effect Model (BEM). The experimental results of single-edge notched three-point bending tests indicate that the BEM is an appropriate method to estimate the fracture toughness of the present fibrous and porous woods. In softwood with alternating earlywood and latewood layers, the variation in the volume percentage of different layers in a small range has no obvious influence on the mechanical properties of the materials. In contrast, the hardwood presents much higher tensile strength and fracture toughness simultaneously due to its complicated structure with crossed arrangement of the fibers and rays and big vessels diffused in the fibers. The present research findings are expected to provide a fundamental insight into the design of high-performance bionic materials with a highly fibrous and porous structure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Fracture Toughness of Softwood and Hardwood Estimated by Boundary Effect Model

Liu

2022

Materials

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“…It is interesting that quasi-ductile fracture also exists in masonry structures. As shown in Figure 16a, large brick walls [60] have a rich staggered structure due to the special lap of brick and mortar. This staggered structure enables the brick wall to consume energy through mechanisms such as crack deflection when it reaches its maximum bearing capacity, rather than immediately failing, thereby allowing the wall to maintain a certain degree of load-bearing capacity (Figure 16b).…”

Section: Quasi-ductile Fracture Behavior In Masonry Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Quasi-Ductile Fracture Behavior of Glubam: The Role of Fiber Distribution

Jiang,

Liu

2024

Materials

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Cracking in fibrous composites is inevitable, and the fracture pattern is influenced by its fiber distribution. Bamboo fibrous composites have a distinct fiber distribution, which makes them an excellent material for studng the relationship between fiber distribution and fracture mode. Glued laminated bamboo is a bi-directional bamboo fibrous composite, which is called glubam for short. Its vertical thickness is about 28 mm, and the ratio of the number of longitudinal fiber layers to the number of transverse fiber layers is 4:1. This study conducted three-point bending fracture tests on single-edge notched specimens of glubam to investigate its mode-I fracture characteristics in the transverse vertical direction. The deformation curves show that the specimens still have the load-carrying capacity after reaching the maximum load, and the load shows a trend of step-like decrease, exhibiting a quasi-ductile fracture behavior. Overall, the fracture process can be divided into four stages, including linear, softening, quasi-ductile, and failure stages. In this study, based on certain assumptions, the prefabricated notch length a0 was adjusted according to the position of the transverse fibers. Subsequently, the non-linear elastic fracture mechanics method was employed to calculate the fracture parameters of glubam during the softening and quasi-ductile stages, including the fracture toughness KIC* and fiber tensile strength ft. The deviation of the fracture parameters between the two stages is within 10%, indicating that the correction of the a0 is correct. This indirectly proves that the staggered structure formed by longitudinal and transverse fibers is responsible for the quasi-toughness fracture of glubam. Finally, this study summarized and analyzed the quasi-ductile fracture behavior and found that materials or structures exhibiting quasi-ductile fracture behavior often possess a staggered structure. This staggered structure makes the crack in the form of semi-stable propagation, while the load decreases in a step-like manner.

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“…As shown in Fig. 17 (a), large brick walls [63] have a rich staggered structure due to the special lap of brick and mortar. This staggered structure enables the brick wall to consume energy through mechanisms such as crack deflection when it reaches its maximum bearing capacity, rather than immediately failing, thereby allowing the wall to maintain a certain degree of load-bearing capacity (Fig.…”

Section: Quasi-ductile Fracture Behavior In Masonry Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-ductile fracture behavior of glubam due to transverse fiber distribution

Jiang,

Liu

2024

Preprint

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The cracking of fibrous composites is inevitable, and the cracking mode is depended on its fiber distribution. In this study, bamboo fibrous composites are selected to investigate the effect of fiber distribution on crack propagation. Glued-laminated bamboo (Glubam) is a bi-directional bamboo fibrous composites, usually used as a board member, its vertical thickness (V direction) is about 28 mm, and with the longitudinal fiber layers (L direction) to transverse fiber layers (T direction) setting a 4:1. Considering that there are fewer transverse fibers in glubam, it is more prone to cracking under transverse load, this study researches the mode-I fracture characteristics of glubam in the TV direction. The three-point bending (3-p-b) fracture test of glubam specimens with single-edge notches (SEN) was carried out in this study. The deformation curves show that the specimens still have the load-carrying capacity after reaching the maximum load, and the load shows a trend of step-like decrease, exhibiting a quasi-ductile fracture behavior. Overall, the fracture process can be divided into four stages, including linear, softening, quasi-ductile, and failure stages. In this study, the tensile strength ft and fracture toughness KIC of glubam in the softening and quasi-ductile stages are calculated using nonlinear elastic fracture mechanics (Non-LEFM) method, and the prefabricated crack length a0 is modified according to the location of the transverse fibers. The deviations of the fracture parameters in the two stages are within 10%, which indicates that the modification of the prefabricated crack length is correct and indirectly demonstrates the correlation between the fracture parameters of the quasi-ductile stage and the transverse fiber position. On the other hand, quasi-ductile fractures exist in other materials and structures, and they all have staggered structures. This staggered structure makes the crack in the form of semi-stable propagation, while the load decreases in a step-like manner.

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Modelling and testing of large-scale masonry elements under three-point bending – Tough and strong nacre-like structure enlarged by a factor of 20,000

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Study on the Fracture Toughness of Softwood and Hardwood Estimated by Boundary Effect Model

Study on the Fracture Toughness of Softwood and Hardwood Estimated by Boundary Effect Model

Study on the Quasi-Ductile Fracture Behavior of Glubam: The Role of Fiber Distribution

Quasi-ductile fracture behavior of glubam due to transverse fiber distribution

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