“…A plethora of literature has studied volatility in some time series variable such as crude oil price (Suleiman et al, 2015Alhassan & Kilishi, 2016Muhammed & Faruk, 2018;Zhang et al, 2019;Nguyen & Walther, 2020;;Boitumelo et al, 2020), exchange rate (Kuhe & Agaigbe, 2018;Abdullah et al, 2017;Okoro & Osisiogu, 2017;Dritsaki, 2019), stock prices (Al Rahahleh & Kao, 2018;Iwada et al, 2018;Lin, 2018;Aliyev et al, 2020), inflation (Fwaga et al, 2017;Nyoni, 2018;Iddrisu et al, 2019) amongst others. Modeling PVCO by some authors has reported varying outcomes over the years.…”