Modelling effects of soil structure on the water balance of soil–crop systems: a review

Connolly, R. D.

doi:10.1016/s0167-1987(98)00128-7

Cited by 77 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…The challenge of soil compaction Soil-bulk density is an indicator of soil structure in general and soil compaction in particular. Land-use change affects soil porosity and compaction, which determines water infiltration, groundwater movements and surface-water run-off (Conolly 1998). Cultivation with heavy machinery is one of the main reasons for soil compaction (Arvidsson et al 2000).…”

Section: Implications Of the Loss Of Soil Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use changes by large-scale plantations and their effects on soil organic carbon, micronutrients and bulk density: empirical evidence from Ethiopia

Shete

Rutten

Schoneveld³

et al. 2015

Agric Hum Values

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This article examines land-use changes by large-scale plantations in Ethiopia and evaluates the impacts thereof on soil organic carbon, micronutrients and bulk density. Remote sensing analysis and field research activities were undertaken at four large-scale plantation projects in Benshanguel Gumuz, Gambella, and Oromia regional states. Results show that the projects largely involved the conversion of both closed and open to closed forests and grasslands, which in turn reduced soil carbon stock and micronutrient levels and increased soil compaction. We argue that unless appropriate soil management activities and impact mitigation strategies are adopted by plantation proponents, these land-use changes will pose a serious threat to the long-term economic viability and sustainability of plantation agriculture in Ethiopia. This could undermine long-term ecosystem health and national food security.

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Section: Implications Of the Loss Of Soil Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use changes by large-scale plantations and their effects on soil organic carbon, micronutrients and bulk density: empirical evidence from Ethiopia

Shete

Rutten

Schoneveld³

et al. 2015

Agric Hum Values

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“…Similar results were reported by Mostaghimi et al(1989), Sort and Alcañiz (1999) and Albaladejo et al (2000) after the application of sewage sludge on other types of soil. Most runoff and erosion occurs as a result of short, heavy rain events, although these represent a relatively small proportion of annual rainfall (Freebairn and Boughton, 1985;Flanagan et al, 1988;Edwards and Owens, 1991;Connolly, 1998). The month in which the highest erosivity due to rainfall occurred was July 2001 (164Á3 MJ ha À2 mm h À1 ).…”

Section: Surface Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff and losses by erosion in soils amended with sewage sludge

2003

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In order to promote the transformation of a burnt Mediterranean forest area into a // / dehesa system, 10 t ha À1 of dry matter of the same sewage sludge in three different forms: fresh, composted and thermally-dried, were added superficially to field plots of loam and sandy soils located on a 16 per cent slope. This application is equivalent to 13Á8 t ha À1 of composted sludge, 50 t ha À1of fresh sludge and 11Á3 t ha À1 of thermally-dried sludge. The surface addition of a single application of thermally-dried sludge resulted in a decrease in runoff and erosion in both kinds of soil. Runoff in thermally-dried sludge plots was lower than in the control treatment (32 per cent for the loam soil and 26 per cent for the sandy soil). The addition of any type of sludge to both soil types also reduces sediment production. Significant differences between the control and sludge treatments indicate that the rapid development of plant cover and the direct protective effect of sludge on the soil are the main agents that influence soil erosion rates. Results suggest that the surface application of thermally-dried sludge is the most efficient way to enhance soil infiltration.

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“…These results indicate that the topsoil is looser under sprinkler irrigation than under border irrigation. High soil compaction may cause reduction in root penetration and water infiltration rate, and consequent reduction in crop yield (Connolly, 1998). It appears that the soil condition in view of topsoil compaction is more favorable to crops under sprinkler irrigation than under border irrigation.…”

Section: Effects Of Sprinkler Irrigation and Border Irrigation On Topmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sprinkler and Border Irrigation on Topsoil Structure in Winter Wheat Field

2010

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A two-year experiment was carried out on the effect of sprinkler irrigation on the topsoil structure in a winter wheat field. A border-irrigated field was used as the control group. The total soil porosity, pore size distribution, pore shape distribution, soil cracks and soil compaction were measured. The sprinkler irrigation brought significant changes to the total soil porosity, capillary porosity, air-filled porosity and pore shape of topsoil layers in comparison with the border irrigation. The total porosity and air-filled porosity of the topsoil in the sprinkler irrigation were higher than those in the border irrigation. The changes in the air-filled and elongated pores were the main reasons for the changes in total porosity. The porosities of round and irregular pores in topsoil under sprinkler irrigation were lower than those under border irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation produced smaller soil cracks than border irrigation did, so sprinkler irrigation may restrain the development of macropore flow in comparison with border irrigation. The topsoil was looser under sprinkler irrigation than under border irrigation. According to the conditions of topsoil structure, it is preferable for crops to grow under sprinkler irrigation than under border irrigation.

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Modelling effects of soil structure on the water balance of soil–crop systems: a review

Cited by 77 publications

References 99 publications

Land-use changes by large-scale plantations and their effects on soil organic carbon, micronutrients and bulk density: empirical evidence from Ethiopia

Land-use changes by large-scale plantations and their effects on soil organic carbon, micronutrients and bulk density: empirical evidence from Ethiopia

Runoff and losses by erosion in soils amended with sewage sludge

Effect of Sprinkler and Border Irrigation on Topsoil Structure in Winter Wheat Field

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