Modelling evaluation of key cadmium transformation processes in acid paddy soil under alternating redox conditions

Yang, Yang; Yuan, Xiu; Chi, Wenting; Wang, Pei; Hu, Shiwen; Li, Fangbai; Li, Xiaomin; Sun, Yongjian; Qin, Haoli

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120409

Cited by 39 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The increase in pH under reducing conditions in soil might be due to two reasons, i.e., (i) during flooding, organic matter (OM) might be anaerobically degraded through microbial activity, and the protons are consumed, eventually leading to an increase in pH [ 40 ]. (ii) H + is consumed as a result of the reduction in oxides, such as NO 3 − , SO 4 2− and Fe-oxides under reduction conditions [ 41 , 42 ]. Han et al [ 31 ] attributed the decrease in pH to the oxidative dissolution of FeS in soil during the periods of drainage, and the reaction can be described with Equation (1) [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second stage in both soils was in the fourth irrigation period (from 24 d to 25 d); F4 decreased, F1 and F3 increased, and the main transformation was from F4 to F1 due to their larger variation. Hence, the aging mechanisms in this stage may be the decomposition of organic matter (F4 decreased), adsorption onto the surface of soil minerals (F1 increased) and resorption and occlusion within Fe/Mn hydroxides (F3 increased) [ 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Aging Process of Cadmium in Paddy Soils under Intermittent Irrigation with Acid Water: A Short-Term Simulation Experiment

Han

Pei

Huang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Cadmium (Cd)-contaminated paddy soils are a big concern. However, the effect of irrigation with acid water on the migration and transformation of Cd and the effect of alternating redox conditions caused by intermittent irrigation on Cd aging processes in different depths of paddy soils are unclear. This study revealed Cd fractionation and aging in a Cd-contaminated paddy soil under four irrigation periods with acid water and four drainage periods, by applying a soil columns experiment and a sequential extraction procedure. The results showed that the dynamic changes of soil pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), iron (Fe) oxides and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) throughout the intermittent irrigation affected the transformation of Cd fractions. After 32 days, the proportion of exchangeable Cd (F1) to the total Cd decreased with a reduction of 24.4% and 20.1% at the topsoil and the subsoil, respectively. The labile fractions of Cd decreased, and the more immobilizable fractions of Cd increased in the different depths of soils due to the aging process. Additionally, the redistribution of the Fe and Mn oxide-bound Cd (F3) and organic matter and secondary-sulfide-bound Cd (F4) occurred at different depths of soils during the incubation time. Overall, the bioaccessibility of Cd in the subsoil was higher than that in the topsoil, which was likely due to the leaching and accumulation of soluble Cd in the deep soil. In addition, the aging processes in different depths of soils were divided into three stages, which can be mainly described as the transformation of F1 into F3 and F4.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aging Process of Cadmium in Paddy Soils under Intermittent Irrigation with Acid Water: A Short-Term Simulation Experiment

Han

Pei

Huang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Global soil contamination with cadmium (Cd) is experiencing an alarming escalation due to the rapid growth of industrial activities [1,2]. Among all soil pollutants, Cd pollution stands out as the most severe, surpassing the allowed threshold by over 7% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Toxicity Reduction and Food Safety Assessment of Pak Choi (Brassica campestris L.) in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil by Jointly Using Alkaline Passivators and Organic Fertilizer

Jiao,

Li,

et al. 2023

Toxics

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An economical and effective method is still lacking for cadmium (Cd) toxicity reduction and food product safety improvement in soil–vegetable systems. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce the Cd toxicity to pak choi (Brassica campestris L.) by jointly using passivators and organic fertilizer, highlighting food products’ safety based on pot experiments. The results showed that compared with the control, organic fertilizer decreased the Cd content in edible parts and the soil’s available Cd by 48.4% and 20.9% on average, respectively, due to the 0.15-unit increases in soil pH. Once jointly applied with passivators, the decrements increased by 52.3–72.6% and 32.5–52.6% for the Cd content in edible parts and for the soil’s available Cd, respectively, while the pH increment increased by 0.15–0.46 units. Compared with the control, the transport factor of Cd was reduced by 61.9% and 50.9–55.0% when applying organic fertilizer alone and together with the passivators, respectively. The combination treatment of biochar and organic fertilizer performed the best in decreasing the Cd content in the edible parts and the soil’s available Cd. The combination treatment of fish bone meal and organic fertilizer induced the greatest increases in soil pH. The grey relational analysis results showed that the combination treatment of biochar and organic fertilizer performed the best in reducing the potential Cd pollution risk, thereby highlighting the vegetable food safety. This study provides a potential economical and effective technology for toxicity reduction and food safety in Cd-polluted soil.

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Controlling exposure to As and Cd from rice via irrigation management

Limmer,

Seyfferth

2024

Environ Geochem Health

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Irrigation management controls biogeochemical cycles in rice production. Under flooded paddy conditions, arsenic becomes plant-available as iron-reducing conditions ensue, while oxic conditions lead to increased plant availability of Cd in acidic soils. Because Cd enters rice through Mn transporters, we hypothesized that irrigation resulting in intermediate redox could simultaneously limit both As and Cd in rice grain due to As retention in soil and Mn competition for Cd uptake. In a 2 year field study, we used 6 irrigation managements that varied in extent and frequency of inundation, and we observed strong effects of irrigation management on porewater chemistry, soil redox potentials, plant As and Cd concentrations, plant nutrient concentrations, and methane emissions. Plant As decreased with drier irrigation management, but in the grain this effect was stronger for organic As than for inorganic As. Grain organic As, but not inorganic As, was strongly and positively correlated with cumulative methane emissions. Conversely, plant Cd increased under more aerobic irrigation management and grain Cd was negatively correlated with porewater Mn. A hazard index approach showed that in the tested soil with low levels of As and Cd (5.4 and 0.072 mg/kg, respectively), irrigation management could not simultaneously decrease grain As and Cd. Many soil properties, such as reducible As, available Cd, soil pH, available S, and soil organic matter should be considered when attempting to optimize irrigation management when the goal is decreasing the risk of As and Cd in rice grain.

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Modelling evaluation of key cadmium transformation processes in acid paddy soil under alternating redox conditions

Cited by 39 publications

References 57 publications

The Aging Process of Cadmium in Paddy Soils under Intermittent Irrigation with Acid Water: A Short-Term Simulation Experiment

The Aging Process of Cadmium in Paddy Soils under Intermittent Irrigation with Acid Water: A Short-Term Simulation Experiment

In Situ Toxicity Reduction and Food Safety Assessment of Pak Choi (Brassica campestris L.) in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil by Jointly Using Alkaline Passivators and Organic Fertilizer

Controlling exposure to As and Cd from rice via irrigation management

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