Modelling fire smoke dynamics in a stairwell of high-rise building: Effect of ambient pressure

He, Junyi; Huang, Xinyan; Ning, Xiaoyao; Zhou, Ting; Wang, Jian; Yuen, Richard K.K.

doi:10.1016/j.csite.2022.101907

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For example, much work has been done to model fire dynamics in an effort to reduce the current limitations of equations and methods. Similar studies, including [25][26][27], show the need for more realistic fire modeling capabilities. Other ML studies have explored a variety of structural materials and member types, each showing that ML can provide improved accuracy and understanding of such complicated phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Simple Visual Aids for Predicting Fire Response of RC Columns: Nomograms via Machine Learning

Naser,

Tapeh,

Hostetter

et al. 2023

EJCEA

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Assessing the ability of reinforced concrete (RC) columns to withstand the effects of fire is a multifaceted and intricate problem due to the various factors that influence their fire response. As such, engineers may find it challenging to precisely predict such fire resistance. While some codal provisions exist and fire testing/advanced modeling can be adopted, the same methods may suffer from poor predictivity and can be costly and/or complex. In this paper, we shift focus toward machine learning techniques (by means of Nomograms) that can produce simple visual aids to assess the fire resistance of RC columns. Our analysis shows that Nomograms can be accurate, account for a series of factors currently absent from our domain knowledge and provisions, and outperform existing methods adopted in building codes. Our analysis also infers that such Nomograms could be possible candidates for adoption in standardized settings, given their simplicity, ease of use, and lack of multi-stepped procedures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Simple Visual Aids for Predicting Fire Response of RC Columns: Nomograms via Machine Learning

Naser,

Tapeh,

Hostetter

et al. 2023

EJCEA

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show abstract

“…In addition, through literature review, it is also found that most of the existing works focus on the effects of low pressure environment on the combustion characteristics of fuels such as methane, the combustion characteristics of batteries, the smoke exhaust of tunnel shaft, the fire in mine tunnels, or the combustion of aircraft cargo cabin, etc. [15][16][17][18]. Studies concerning the smoke exhaust of semilateral tunnels are mostly in plain areas [19][20][21], while the report of smoke exhaust of semi-lateral tunnels is rarely seen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Altitude on Fire Smoke Diffusion in Semi-Lateral Smoke Exhaust Highway Tunnels

2023

Teh. vjesn.

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This paper aims to study the effects of altitude and the size of smoke outlet on fire smoke diffusion and discharge in semi-lateral smoke exhaust highway tunnels. At first, simulations of semi-lateral smoke exhaust highway tunnels were carried out in FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator), then the distribution laws of temperature, CO concentration, smoke mass flow, and visibility in the tunnel under the conditions of different altitudes and smoke outlet areas were analyzed to figure out the effects of altitude and size of smoke outlet on fire smoke diffusion and discharge in the said tunnels. The results suggest that, in case of the same fire source power, the velocity of smoke diffusion increases with the altitude; for curves of different altitudes, the tunnel roof temperature features are basically the same, that is, the higher the altitude, the higher the temperature at the tunnel roof. When the fire source power is 20 MW, the smoke mass flow at the smoke outlet decreases with the increase of altitude, but the CO concentration grows with it, indicating that the smoke exhaust efficiency is higher in high-altitude areas. When the altitude reaches 4200 m and the fire source power is 20 MW, with the increase of smoke outlet area, the smoke discharge effect of the tunnel shows an upward trend, taking both the smoke discharge effect and economy into consideration; the smoke outlet should take a size of 4  3 m.

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“…Klote (4,5) 는 다수의 개구부로 둘러싸인 공간에서 중성대 위 치는 온도차이 보다 개구부 크기에 큰 영향을 받고 연돌효과 , 로 야기되는 질량유량은 온도와 강한 함수관계라고 발표하였 다 등 . Ding (6) 할 수 있다고 보고하고 있다 (10) 이를 적용하여 다시 정리하면 . 식 와 같이 나타낼 수 있다 (2) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Exhaust Smoke Validity of Vertical Shaft in Restrooms using the Stack Effect

Cho¹,

Lee²

2022

Fire Sci. Eng.

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This study is performed to validate a quantitative relationship between the exhaust rate through vertical shaft, which are used for restroom ventilation, and smoke generation based on NFSC 501. The exhaust rate is calculated using heat balance equations and is based on the input and exhaust air temperatures. The neutral plan in the vertical shaft was formed at approximately 46% of the total height. Because the smoke that is exhausted through the vertical shaft is more than 20% of the minimum smoke generation suggested by NFSC 501, the smoke exhaust through the vertical shaft is considered to be possible.

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Modelling fire smoke dynamics in a stairwell of high-rise building: Effect of ambient pressure

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Simple Visual Aids for Predicting Fire Response of RC Columns: Nomograms via Machine Learning

Simple Visual Aids for Predicting Fire Response of RC Columns: Nomograms via Machine Learning

Effects of Altitude on Fire Smoke Diffusion in Semi-Lateral Smoke Exhaust Highway Tunnels

Exhaust Smoke Validity of Vertical Shaft in Restrooms using the Stack Effect

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