Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Dekker, Stefan C.; Barendregt, A.; Bootsma, M.C.; Schot, P.P.

doi:10.1002/hyp.5864

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…But the relationship between the water balance and vegetation development can be very complex, especially for the seminatural vegetation communities found in wetlands. Dekker, Barendregt, Bootsma, and Schot () used Hydrus‐2D to model a restoration success on a fen site and found that the transpiration and root characteristics of the vegetation must be explicitly added to the proposed model concept to simulate the real effects of restoration measures. This is especially the case if the mean hydrological conditions change over the years, with a consequent change in the vegetation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of groundwater regimes on water balance components of a site with a shallow water table

Dietrich

Kaiser

2017

Ecohydrology

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The management of shallow water table sites is often the subject of discussion between different interest groups, the most controversial topic being the different target groundwater levels. A good level of knowledge about the effects of the different water levels on the water budget components is a precondition for the development of compromises in well‐balanced water resource management. We used groundwater lysimeters to investigate the impact of different water level regimes on the water balance. The lysimeters were installed directly within a typical shallow water table site and had a specially designed system to control the lower boundary condition. This enabled us to simulate different management options in a realistic way. Our results show increasing evapotranspiration with higher water levels but only if the vegetation is adapted to these conditions. Adaptation may take place within a few years of higher water levels. High water levels in spring are linked to increased water storage. This can help to compensate for the higher evapotranspiration for some weeks but not for the entire season. The meteorological conditions have a large short‐term impact on the water budget, which is difficult to compensate for using long‐term water management strategies or slow‐responding vegetation development. Our results underline the complex ecohydrological dependencies in such site conditions and could be an important basis for the development or improvement of ecohydrological models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of groundwater regimes on water balance components of a site with a shallow water table

Dietrich

Kaiser

2017

Ecohydrology

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“…This shortcoming has recently been addressed by a number of authors (e.g. Bradley and Gilvear, 2000;Joris and Feyen, 2003;Dekker et al, 2005) who have been using one-and two-dimensional saturated-unsaturated flow models to simulate both the saturated and unsaturated GW-SW processes in and around various European wetlands. While the results of these studies are specific to temperate wetlands, and considered only the movement of water and not salt, the general approaches should have relevance for wetlands in arid/semi-arid areas.…”

Section: Wetland Gw-sw Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of groundwater–surface water interactions in arid/semi‐arid wetlands and the consequences of salinity for wetland ecology

2008

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In arid/semi-arid environments, where rainfall is seasonal, highly variable and significantly less than the evaporation rate, groundwater discharge can be a major component of the water and salt balance of a wetland, and hence a major determinant of wetland ecology. Under natural conditions, wetlands in arid/semi-arid zones occasionally experience periods of higher salinity as a consequence of the high evaporative conditions and the variability of inflows which provide dilution and flushing of the stored salt. However, due to the impacts of human population pressure and the associated changes in land use, surface water regulation, and water resource depletion, wetlands in arid/semi-arid environments are now often experiencing extended periods of high salinity. This article reviews the current knowledge of the role that groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions play in the ecology of arid/semi-arid wetlands. The key findings of the review are as follows:1. GW-SW interactions in wetlands are highly dynamic, both temporally and spatially. Groundwater that is low in salinity has a beneficial impact on wetland ecology which can be diminished in dry periods when groundwater levels, and hence, inflows to wetlands are reduced or even cease. Conversely, if groundwater is saline, and inflows increase due to raised groundwater levels caused by factors such as land use change and river regulation, then this may have a detrimental impact on the ecology of a wetland and its surrounding areas. 2. GW-SW interactions in wetlands are mostly controlled by factors such as differences in head between the wetland surface water and groundwater, the local geomorphology of the wetland (in particular, the texture and chemistry of the wetland bed and banks), and the wetland and groundwater flow geometry. The GW-SW regime can be broadly classified into three types of flow regimes: (i) recharge-wetland loses surface water to the underlying aquifer; (ii) discharge-wetland gains water from the underlying aquifer; or (iii) flow-through-wetland gains water from the groundwater in some locations and loses it in others. However, it is important to note that individual wetlands may temporally change from one type to another depending on how the surface water levels in the wetland and the underlying groundwater levels change over time in response to climate, land use, and management. 3. The salinity in wetlands of arid/semi-arid environments will vary naturally due to high evaporative conditions, sporadic rainfall, groundwater inflows, and freshening after rains or floods. However, wetlands are often at particular risk of secondary salinity because their generally lower elevation in the landscape exposes them to increased saline groundwater inflows caused by rising water tables. Terminal wetlands are potentially at higher risk than flow-through systems as there is no salt removal mechanism. 4. Secondary salinity can impact on wetland biota through changes in both salinity and water regime, which result from the hydrological and hydrogeo...

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“…Correlations over 0.55 are considered significant at p = 0.05 (italicized here) and those over 0.68 at p = 0.01 (italicized and bold). Variables with correlations less than 0.55 to any of these three principal components are omitted a Omitted variables: water level in ditch, dry board, outlet surface water, percent built-up P-fertilizer application from municipality-scale statistics, N and P in atmospheric deposition, N in outlet water, P in inlet water, P in atmospheric deposition b The first component is interpreted as a complex of factors related to the proportion of the polder that is under agriculture versus the proportion of surface water, the second to total polder area versus human population density in the municipalities that cover the polder, and the third to a less equivocal complex of water edge density, reported N-fertilizer statistics at municipality scale, P in downward seepage field (cf Meuleman et al 2004;Van Beek et al 2004b;Dekker et al 2005). Hence ditch water level closely tracked the level of the land, and did not add explanatory power to our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covariance in water- and nutrient budgets of Dutch peat polders: what governs nutrient retention?

Vermaat

Hellmann

2009

Biogeochemistry

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Water and nutrient budgets were constructed for 13 low-lying peat polders in the Netherlands that varied in elevation relative to sea level (-0.2 to -2.4 m below sea level), land use (7-70% of the total polder area covered by agriculture; largely dairy farming), and surface water prevalence (6-43%). Water balances were verified with chloride budgets and accepted when both met the criterion (total inflows -total outflows)/(total inflows) \0.05. Apart from precipitation and evapotranspiration (overall means 913 vs. 600 mm), in-and outlet (171 vs. 420 mm) as well as in-and outward seepage (137 vs. 174 mm) were important items in the water budgets. Nutrient budgets, however, were dominated by terms related to agricultural land use (*60% of all inputs, 90% of N-removal and 80% of P removal) rather than water fluxes (8% and 5% of N and P inputs; 6 and 18% of outputs). After agriculture (200 kg N ha -1 y -1 ), mineralisation of the peat soil and atmospheric deposition appear to be important inputs (about 94 and 21 kg N ha -1 y -1 ). Major output terms were agricultural output (209 kg N ha -1 y -1 ) and denitrification (95 kg N ha -1 y -1 ). The average N budget was in balance (difference *1 kg N ha -1 y -1 ), whereas P accumulated in most polders, particularly those under agriculture. The mean P surplus (15 kg P ha -1 y -1 in the 9 mainly agricultural polders) corresponds well with the accumulated difference observed elsewhere (700 kg P ha -1 in the upper 50 cm in a nature reserve versus 1400 under agriculture) after over 50 years of dairy farming. Bulk retention of N and P in these polders is taking place in the peat soil, through temporary sorption to the matrix and N is lost through denitrification. In a principal components analysis combining land use, landscape pattern, water balance and nutrient budget terms, the three-first principal components explained 63% of the variability. The first component (PC) correlated strongly with the percentage of land under agriculture (r = 0.82) and negatively with the percentage covered by surface water (r = -0.74). Most input and output terms of the nitrogen budget also correlated with this PC. The second PC covaried distinctly with the total area of a polder (r = -0.79) and human population density at municipality level (r = 0.75). Phosphorus loads in inlet and outlet water correlated with this PC. This suggests that the variability in nutrient budgets among polders is largely governed by agricultural land use.

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Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of groundwater regimes on water balance components of a site with a shallow water table

Impact of groundwater regimes on water balance components of a site with a shallow water table

A review of groundwater–surface water interactions in arid/semi‐arid wetlands and the consequences of salinity for wetland ecology

Covariance in water- and nutrient budgets of Dutch peat polders: what governs nutrient retention?

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