Modelling of Extraction Equilibrium for Copper( Ii) Extraction by Pyridinecarboxylic Acid Esters From Concentrated Chloride Solutions at Constant Water Activity and Constant Total Concentration of Ionic or Molecular Species Dissolved in the Aqueous Solution

Cote, Gérard; Jakubiak, Artur; Bauer, D.; Szymanowski, J.; Mokili, B.; Poitrenaud, C.

doi:10.1080/07366299408918202

Cited by 62 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Pyridinecarboxamides are more basic and stronger extractants [21][22][23] than pyridinecarboxylates. [24][25][26] As a result, some reagent protonation and a successive transfer of hydrochloric acid is observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium(II) Extraction and Extractant Adsorption at a Liquid/Liquid Interface

Wiśniewski

Szymanowski

1998

ANAL. SCI.

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Extraction has become a modern technique used to recover and separate noble metals, including palladium(II). Several reagents have been proposed, including hydroxyoximes, alkyl derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline, hydrophobic amines and esters of pyridine carboxylic acids. Some of them are used in industry. Usually, dihexyl sulfide or dioctyl sulfide are used. However, the extraction occurs very slowly, which is caused by the nature of hydrophobic extractant and symmetrical palladium chlorocomplex. The drawback can be overcome by the addition of thiocyanide ions, which disturb the symmetry of palladium(II) chlorocomplex 1,2 , the use of asymmetric dialkyl sulfides and/or containing a hydrophilic group 3,4 or the use of a phase transfer catalyst. 5-7 A similar effect is observed when other hydrophobic extractants are used, e.g. 2-hydroxy-5-nonylbenzophenone oxime (LIX65N) and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN). 1,8 Pyridine carbonates and carboxamides have been proposed by ICI 9-11 for copper extraction from chloride solutions, and the CUPREX Metal Extraction Process has been successfully used in a pilot plant for sulfidic copper ore concentrate processing. The commercial extractant Acorga CLX 50 has been used. It probably contains diisodecanyl pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate as the active substance. The reagent seems to be an effective extractant for palladium(II) extraction.4-Alkylphenylamines are effective extractants of noble metals from acidic solutions.12,13 They extract selectively the group of noble metals in the presence of base metals. They are also successfully applied in analytical procedures used to determine the noble metals in various minerals, sludges and flotation concentrates.It is now commonly accepted that metal extraction with highly hydrophobic reagents occurs according to the interfacial mechanism with extractant preadsorption at the hydrocarbon/water interface. [14][15][16][17][18][19] The adsorption permits one to obtain an appropriate orientation and high concentration of extractant molecules at the interface needed for a quick extraction. This means that a relationship should be observed between the rate of extraction and the extractant interfacial activity.The aim of the work was to study the adsorption behavior at a hydrocarbon/water interface of welldefined palladium(II) extractants and effect of the adsorption on the rate of palladium(II) extraction. ExperimentalIndividual 4-alkylphenylamine (I) containing 6 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group were used. The method of their synthesis and the analytical date were described previously. 19 Some other hydrophobic extractants were also considered: dihexyl sulfide (II), 2-hydroxyethyl decylsulfide (III) and its partly fluorinated analog (IV), decyl nicotiniate (V) and N,N-dihexylpyridine-3-carboxamide (VI). Palladium(II) extractionExtraction was carried out in dispersion at ambient temperature using equal volumes (5 cm 3 ) of the aqueous and organic phases. The concentrations of palladium(II) in 3 M HCl and of extractants in benzene or toluene ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium(II) Extraction and Extractant Adsorption at a Liquid/Liquid Interface

Wiśniewski

Szymanowski

1998

ANAL. SCI.

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“…The concentration of extractants in the organic phase was changed from 0.002 to 0.01 M. Extraction studies were carried out at constant water activity a w ¼ 0.835 and constant total concentration of ions and molecules dissolved in aqueous solution r ¼ 8.0 M, where the chloride concentrations were changed from 0.1 to 4.0 M. NaCl, NaNO 3 and LiNO 3 were used to adjust the constant water activity (a w ¼ 0.835). Nitrates were selected because they do not form or form very weak complexes with metal ions (23,36,37). At constant a w and r, the salting-out effect has the constant influence within the whole range of chloride ion concentration investigated (23,37).…”

Section: Solvent Extraction Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Extraction of Iron(III) From Chloride Solutions in the Presence of Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Using Hydrophobic Pyridyl Ketoximes

Parus

Wieszczycka

Olszanowski

2010

Separation Science and Technology

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In this work, oximes of 1-(2-pyridyl)tridekane-1-one and 1-(4-pyridyl)tridecane-1-one were used as model hydrophobic extractants for iron(III) from a chloride media. Both studied pyridyl ketoximes have the ability to extract iron(III) from chloride solutions. The highest degree of iron(III) extraction was observed for 1-(2-pyridyl)tridecane-1-one oxime. During extraction with 4-pyridyl ketoxime, a precipitated complex was observed, which has a disadvantageous effect for the extraction process. Iron(III) could be effectively stripped by 1% HCl from organic solution after extraction. Selectivity extractions from multielemental aqueous solutions containing iron(III) using 2-and 4-pyridyl ketoximes were also studied. The highest extraction percentage and good selectivity was observed for Cu 2þ from a solution containing 1.0 M Cl À with 1-(2-pyridyl)tridecane-1-one oxime. A scheme of separation of particular metal ions from mulielemental aqueous solutions was also proposed. The separation of metal ions is possible in three stages of extraction.

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“…Posteriormente, a este se han propuesto otros esteres o amidas de ácidos piridincarboxílicos como agentes de extracción para el cobre y otros metales (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Todos estos compuestos se pueden protonar y la transferencia de las especies metálicas puede deberse tanto a procesos de solvatación como de intercambio aniónico:…”

Section: Oh Nunclassified

“…En la primera etapa, el cobre se extrae, en medio cloruro, mediante un agente de extracción del estilo del Acorga CLX50; la reacción es similar a la mostrada en la ec. [3]; seguidamente, la fase orgánica se lava con una fase acuosa de pH adecuado (alcalino); como la fase orgánica contiene, además, un agente de extracción tipo quelato (hidroxioximas o 6-dicetonas), en esta etapa el cobre forma el complejo correspondiente con este reactivo tipo quelato y a la vez se transfieren los iones cloruro al medio acuoso: [6] con lo que debe reconvertirse a la forma neutra o clorurada. En algunos casos se considera el empleo de mezclas de agentes de extracción para formar enlaces intermoleculares y así lograr mezclas de estos con propiedades variadas (1); por ejemplo, en el LIX 984 y MOC-80TD.…”

Section: Oh Nunclassified

Los agentes de extracción del cobre. Asociaciones en la fase orgánica

Alguacil

1999

REVMETAL

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REVISIÓNLos agentes de extracción del cobre.Asociaciones en la fase orgánica^ FJ. Alguacir )Resumen Se describen las asociaciones que presentan algunos agentes de extracción del cobre: hidroxioximas, amidas de ácidos piridincarboxílicos, etc., como consecuencia de interacciones intramoleculares y cuando la fase orgánica contiene, además, componentes orgánicos (modificadores) con átomos de oxígeno en su molécula. Como consecuencia de estas asociaciones cambia la concentración de la especie activa del agente de extracción disminuyendo su efectividad. Se describen algunas de las estructuras de estas asociaciones.Palabras clave: Cobre. Agentes de extracción. Modificadores Copper extractants. Physicochemical modifícations AbstractThe associations of several copper extractants: hydroxyoximes, amides of pyridine carboxilic acids, etc., as a consequence of intramolecular interactions and with various oxygen containing modifiers are described. The various associations of these copper extractants change the active concentration of the extractant and blocks its efectiveness. Some of the structures of such associations are also described.

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Modelling of Extraction Equilibrium for Copper( Ii) Extraction by Pyridinecarboxylic Acid Esters From Concentrated Chloride Solutions at Constant Water Activity and Constant Total Concentration of Ionic or Molecular Species Dissolved in the Aqueous Solution

Cited by 62 publications

References 9 publications

Palladium(II) Extraction and Extractant Adsorption at a Liquid/Liquid Interface

Palladium(II) Extraction and Extractant Adsorption at a Liquid/Liquid Interface

Solvent Extraction of Iron(III) From Chloride Solutions in the Presence of Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Using Hydrophobic Pyridyl Ketoximes

Los agentes de extracción del cobre. Asociaciones en la fase orgánica

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