Modelling of Fracture Toughness of X80 Pipeline Steels in DTB Transition Region Involving the Effect of Temperature and Crack Growth

Abstract

This work presents an investigation of the effects of temperature and crack growth on cleavage fracture toughness for weld thermal simulated X80 pipeline steels in the ductile-to-brittle transition (DBT) regime. A great bulk of fracture toughness (crack tip opening displacement—CTOD) tests and numerical simulations are carried out by deep-cracked single-edge-notched bending (SENB) and shallow-cracked single-edge-notched tension (SENT) specimens at various temperatures (−90 °C, −60 °C, −30 °C, and 0 °C). Three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models of tested specimens have been employed to obtain computational data. The results show that temperature exerts only a slight effect on the material hardening behavior, which indicates the crack tip constraint (as denoted by Q-parameter) is less dependent on the temperature. The measured CTOD-values give considerable scatter but confirm well-established trends of increasing toughness with increasing temperature and reducing constraint. Crack growth and 3D effect exhibited significant influences on CTOD-CMOD relations at higher temperatures, −30 °C and 0 °C for the SENT specimen.

Fully-coupled continuum damage model for simulation of plasticity dominated hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms

“…As explained in the introduction, damage will be described by the ductile damage model known as the Complete Gurson Model (CGM) [40]. The CGM has been used successfully for predicting fracture in various studies [45][46][47][48], and models the complete ductile failure process, including void growth, nucleation and coalescence [49]. In Gurson-type models, damage is represented by the void volume fraction f , defined as the ratio of the void volume to a representative volume of the material.…”

The Simulation of Extremely Low Cycle Fatigue Fracture Behavior for Pipeline Steel (X70) Based on Continuum Damage Model

“…Under large strain loads, pipeline steel undergoes ductile fracture, accompanied by the nucleation, growth and coalescence of void at the microscopic level [8,9,12]. At low temperatures, brittle fracture of the pipeline steel may occur due to a decrease in toughness [10,13]. Fatigue fracture is also a common failure mode of pipeline steel which occurs under cyclic load [5,6,14].…”