Modelling of hybrid energy harvester with DC-DC boost converter using arbitary input sources for ultra-low-power micro-devices

et al. 2016

This paper aims to develop and design the architecture of Low Power Hybrid Energy Harvester (LPHEH) using the hybrid input of solar and thermal that can be harvested for self-powered laptop or notebook. This research will focus on the development of the high performance boost power converter to power up any laptop or notebook and design power management system of the hybrid input of solar and waste heat that has been released. The main function of the boost converter is to generate a sufficient DC power supply for laptop or notebook. The second stage focuses on investigation, design and development of the architecture to convert the solar and waste heat energy to reusable energy. The solar energy harvesting elements such as solar panels and energy storage components are used and to be matched to each other with sufficient energy required to increase the energy harvesting efficiency. The proposed design performances will be described using PSPICE software simulation and experimental results. The final stage is to integrate the first stage and second stage, power management module and charge controller module. Then, the developed LPHEH will be simulated, synthesis using Mentor Graphics and coding using Verilog and then download the LPHEH modules into FPGA board for real time verification. The layout architecture of LPHEH will be tested and analyzed using CALIBRE tools from Mentor Graphics. The expected result from this LPHEH is to get 12 V to 20 V of the regulated output voltage from minimum input voltage sources range from 5 V to 12 V with efficiency more than 90%.

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig 4 Flow Chart Of Research Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of Low Power Energy Harvester Using Hybrid Input of Solar and Thermal for Laptop or Notebook: A Review

Nadzirin¹,

et al. 2016

“…and Stoopman et al (2014) implemented an LC resonant circuit to generate a large voltage across the MOSFET, thereby turning it on even though the input power is very low. Lim et al (2014) reported on how a dc-dc boost converter can help to increase the output voltage from as low as 18 to 907 mV in to 310 mV to 27.9 V by utilizing suitable parametric value. Wahab et al (2014) According to Parks et al (2013), two critical elements which contribute to the effectiveness of the RF harvester are the sensitivity and per-operation energy.…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of Ultra Low Power Micro Energy Harvester Using RF Signal for Health Care Monitoring System: A Review

Zulkifli¹,

et al. 2015

This research presents architecture of Ultra Low Power (ULP) Micro Energy Harvester (MEH) using Radio Frequency (RF) signal as an input. RF has many advantages compared to other ambient sources because it is not affected by changes of weather or time, does not require heat or wind exposure and it can be moved randomly within the bound of the transmission source. When RF is used as the sole input, the designer needs to consider impedance matching as the most important element so that the antenna can transfer maximum power. The existing energy harvesters apply conjugate matching network as the current solution. However, this method causes some difficulties since the solution requires consideration of both voltage boosting and conjugate matching network simultaneously. To solve this problem, we propose ULP Radio Frequency Micro Energy Harvester (RFMEH) that will utilize a control loop as voltage boosting adjuster and network tuner to achieve maximum power transfer and minimum power reflection. The proposed architecture will also improve the RF-DC conversion efficiency and the sensitivity of the system. This is achieved using an efficient rectification scheme to convert RF to DC, DC-DC boost converter to increase the dc output voltage, adaptive control circuit to adjust the switching timing of boost converter, voltage limiter and regulator to produce the best output voltage. The proposed ULP RFMEH architecture will be designed and simulated using PSPICE software, Verilog coding using Mentor Graphics and functional verification using FPGA board (FPGA) before being implemented in CMOS 0.13 µm process technology. The proposed architecture will deliver approximately 2.45 V of output voltage from low input power level (-20 dBm) with an efficiency of more than 60%. This design will minimize the power consumption as compared to previous achievements and it can be applied in supplying power for health care monitoring systems or micro biomedical applications.

“…Therefore, energy can be auton omously harvested from a patient without the need of future replacement such as the cochlear implant reported in (Bandyopadhyay, 2013). When scavenging these ambient energies, there is an inevitable discontinuity, typically mitigated by use of hybrid harvesters (Shi et al, 2011;Bandyopadhyay and Chandrakasan, 2012;Lim et al, 2013;Tan, 2013;Lim et al, 2014;Yeo et al, 2016). There is also a need to resolve the cold start issue for an inherently small (low voltage) harvester input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also a need to resolve the cold start issue for an inherently small (low voltage) harvester input. While off-the-shelf harvesters such as Photovoltaic (PV) cells (SANYO, 2008) and Piezoelectric (PZT) harvesters (MIDE, 2013) have voltages above the CMOS voltage threshold, V TH , Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) harvesters (CUI, 2012) generally fall in the mV range as low as 26 mV (Lim et al, 2014) at ∆T = 1K when CUI Peltier device is modelled upon. Therefore, efforts to kick-start CMOS based power management circuits for low voltage harvesters ranges from providing an external bias (Carlson et al, 2010;Kim and Kim, 2013;Ahmed and Mukhopadhyay, 2014), mechanical MEMs switch (Ramadass and Chandrakasan, 2010), charge pump based (Chen et al, 2011;Shih and Otis, 2011;Chen et al, 2012a;Liu et al, 2012;Bender et al, 2014;Peng et al, 2014), transformer based (Im et al, 2012;Teh and Mok, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014), oscillator based (Sun and Wu, 2010;Ahmed and Mukhopadhyay, 2014;Bender et al, 2014), one time wireless charging scheme (Bandyopadhyay, 2013) to a fully electrical multi-stage start-up mechanism (Chen et al, 2012b;Weng et al, 2013;Bender et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Charge Pump Topologies for Micro Energy Harvesting Systems

Mi¹,

et al. 2016

Self Cite

This paper reviews CMOS based charge pump topologies used within autonomous embedded micro-systems. These charge pump structures have evolved from its simplistic diode-tied, single-branches with major threshold drops to exponential type, dual-branches with sophisticated gate and substrate control for lower voltage operation. Published charge pumps are grouped based on architecture, operation principles and pump optimization techniques with their pros and cons compared and results contrasted. The various charge pump topologies and schemes used are considered based on pumping efficiency, power efficiency, charge transferability, circuit complexity, pumping capacitors, form factor and minimum supply voltages with an optimum load. This article concludes with an overview of suitable techniques and recommendations that will aid a designer in selecting the most suitable charge pump topology especially for low ambient micro energy harvesting applications.