Modelling of Pool-Type Fishways Flows: Efficiency and Scale Effects Assessment

Quaresma, Ana L.; Pinheiro, António N.

doi:10.3390/w13060851

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The maximum velocity in the fishway is limited by the speed of the weakest fish, and for pool and weir fishways maximum velocity occurs with flow passing over the weirs and falling into the pool (Ahmadi et al, 2021; Li, Yang, et al, 2020; Quaresma & Pinheiro, 2021; Silva et al, 2012). This phenomenon is observed in Figure 3 for Q = 29 L/s, S = 4%, and D/L = 2.6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical study of the effect of a V‐shaped weir on turbulence characteristics and velocity in V‐weir fishways

Shahabi

Ahadiyan

Ghomeshi

et al. 2022

River Research & Apps

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Fishways are used to allow fish to migrate around water infrastructure, whether movements are in the upstream or downstream direction. Hydrodynamic conditions within various fishways, including turbulence levels, are important for successful fish passage. A numerical hydrodynamic study was conducted for V-weir fishways, which assist species migrating upstream. The variables investigated included, fishway slopes of 4%, 7%, and 10%, relative spacing between weirs of 1.3, 2.6, and 4 (D/L, ratio of distance between weirs to pool width), and weir angles of 22.5 , 40 , and 60 . Turbulence characteristics, including turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), Reynolds shear stress (RSS), turbulent intensity (TI), turbulent dissipation (TD), as well as maximum water velocity, were examined by CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation using a re-normalized group or RNG turbulence model. The CFD was calibrated with flow measurements made in a physical model of the V-weir fishway in laboratory control experiments. Based on inferences from fish passage literature, the results showed that, in the range of parameters studied, a weir angle of 22.5 , a slope of 10% and relative spacing between weirs of 1.3 and 2.6 were assessed as offering the best potential performance for several species and sizes of fish, while the latter has lower cost as it requires fewer weirs. The V-weir fishway may be adaptable for smaller fish.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validation results of the CFD show that the numerical results are consistent with measured data. 3D models have been used as an efficient tool to simulate fishway hydrodynamics (Heimerl, Hagmeyer, & Echteler, 2008; Duguay & Jay Lacey, 2015; Quaranta et al, 2017; Quaresma et al, 2018; Quaresma & Pinheiro, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of the effect of a V‐shaped weir on turbulence characteristics and velocity in V‐weir fishways

Shahabi

Ahadiyan

Ghomeshi

et al. 2022

River Research & Apps

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“…The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package used for numerical simulations is FLOW-3D ® HYDRO which caters primarily to the needs of civil and environmental engineers. Various researchers have successfully employed FLOW-3D ® to simulate fishway flows and it has been found to be capable to simulate complex flow phenomena occurring in fishways efficiently (Abdelaziz et al, 2013; Afshar and Hoseini, 2013; Duguay and Lacey, 2016; Quaresma and Pinheiro, 2021). The numerical algorithm of FLOW-3D ® HYDRO is based on the finite volume method derived directly from the integral form of the conservation equations of mass and momentum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigation on the hydraulic design criteria for a step-pool nature-like fishway

Kalathil

Chandra

2023

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Hydraulic considerations specific for the design of step-pool nature-like fishways (NLFs) are limited to the body dimensions of the target species. Additional hydraulic criteria for flow depth, maximum values for each of pool depth, velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy in terms of the weir opening width and discharge can help design an optimum step-pool NLF. The present study developed design charts and rating curves based on numerical modeling using the computational fluid dynamics software FLOW-3D® HYDRO. Instantaneous velocity measurements on a 1:4 scaled physical model of a step-pool nature-like fishway designed as per the available design guidelines have been used to validate the numerical model. The hydrodynamics of the fishway with respect to the weir opening ratio b r (0.10, 0.25, 0.45, 0.65, and 1.00) and discharge Q (0.1–1.5 m3/s) was analyzed through numerical simulations on a prototype scale. The simulation results showed that the maximum flow velocity and the averaged velocity over the crest at b r = 0.10 and 0.25 are considerably lower than at b r > 0.25. The maximum turbulent kinetic energy and energy dissipation factors for the tested range of discharges were within recommended limits for b r = 0.10 and 0.25. The present study outcome in terms of the design charts and rating curves that illustrate the relationship between different variables can be used for an optimum design and ease in field implementation. In addition, the bed structure of the step-pool NLF presented in this study can be used to recreate full-scale or pilot models.

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“…In this study, the flow field numerical modelling of the tested fishway configurations was performed with FLOW-3D ® (Santa Fe, NM, USA) [53], a commercial 3D CFD model which has been widely used in recent years for fishway research, e.g., [54][55][56][57][58][59]. FLOW-3D ® uses the Finite Volume Method to solve the governing equations of motion for fluids in a Cartesian staggered grid to obtain transient, three-dimensional solutions to multiscale and multiphysics flow problems [53].…”

Section: Numerical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second-order monotonicity preserving method and the large-eddy simulation (LES) model were used. The momentum advection method and turbulence model choices were made following the results obtained in a previous study [58], where several model parameters were evaluated, and a quantitative and qualitative comparison of experimental and numerical model results was performed for a pool-type fishway with bottom orifices. The acceleration of gravity was applied in the negative z-direction and the positive x-direction so that the x-axis was parallel to the fishway bottom.…”

Section: Numerical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debating the Rules: An Experimental Approach to Assess Cyprinid Passage Performance Thresholds in Vertical Slot Fishways

Romão,

Quaresma,

Simão

et al. 2024

Water

Self Cite

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Throughout the world, emerging barriers in river systems block longitudinal connectivity for migrating fish, causing significant impacts by precluding them from carrying out vital life cycle activities. Fishways are still the main mitigation solution implemented, where barrier removal is not feasible. Within the multiple technical fish passage devices, the vertical slot fishway (VSF) is considered the most reliable. Early design guidelines, established for cyprinids, indicate that the volumetric dissipation power (Pv) in the pools should be Pv < 150 Wm−3, while most frequent slope values range from 10 to 12%. In this study, an experimental approach was conducted to question and debate the validity of these recommendations. For this, the Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei, Steindachner, 1864) passage performance was assessed in a full-scale fishway that exceeded Pv design guidelines, under different configurations. These varied in discharge (Q) and mean pool water depth (hm): VSF1 (Q = 81 Ls−1; hm = 0.55 m); VSF2 (Q = 110 Ls−1; hm = 0.80 m); and the same design was equipped with a deep notch: DN1 (Q = 71 Ls−1; hm = 0.55 m); DN2 (Q = 99 Ls−1; hm = 0.80 m). The slope was set to 15.2% while the head drop per pool was Δh = 0.28 m, which generated a Pv that ranged from 222 in VSF1 to 187 Wm−3 in DN2. Passage behaviour was assessed using PIT telemetry and time-to-event analysis to evaluate the barbel upstream passage using standardized metrics: (i) motivation (ii) ascend success, and (iii) transit time. The hydrodynamic scenarios experienced by fish were characterized through a numerical model using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results, contrary to what was expected, showed a higher performance in VSF1 confirmed by the ascent analysis and transit time. Although no differences were found in fish motivation, the results indicate that larger fish displayed lower times to perform the first passage attempt. The CFD results show that, although maximum velocities and turbulence (turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and Reynolds shear stress (RSS)) do not change significantly between configurations, their distribution in the pools is quite different. Regarding TKE, larger volumes with magnitudes higher than 0.05 m2s−2 were notorious in both DN1 and DN2 configurations compared to VSF1, influencing passage efficiency which is in line with the ascent and transit time metrics results. Overall, the present research undeniably debates the literature design guidelines and reinforces the need to jointly assess species-specific fish passage criteria and fishway hydrodynamics, whereas precaution should be taken when using very general recommendations.

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Modelling of Pool-Type Fishways Flows: Efficiency and Scale Effects Assessment

Cited by 14 publications

References 77 publications

Numerical study of the effect of a V‐shaped weir on turbulence characteristics and velocity in V‐weir fishways

Numerical study of the effect of a V‐shaped weir on turbulence characteristics and velocity in V‐weir fishways

Experimental and numerical investigation on the hydraulic design criteria for a step-pool nature-like fishway

Debating the Rules: An Experimental Approach to Assess Cyprinid Passage Performance Thresholds in Vertical Slot Fishways

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