Modelling of residual stress during curing of a polymer under autoclave conditions and experimental validation

Dewangan, Bhishm; Chakladar, N.D.

doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2024.113038

Computational Materials Science

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2024.113038

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Modelling of residual stress during curing of a polymer under autoclave conditions and experimental validation

Bhishm Dewangan,

N.D. Chakladar

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Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

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Synchronous vacuum hot pressing ultra-high performance geopolymers: Deformation behavior across temperatures

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Construction and Building Materials

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Synchronous vacuum hot pressing ultra-high performance geopolymers: Deformation behavior across temperatures

Yang,

Du,

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Construction and Building Materials

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A Numerical Framework of Simulating Flow-Induced Deformation during Liquid Composite Moulding

Alotaibi,

Soutis,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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Fibre deformation (or shearing of yarns) can develop during the liquid moulding of composites due to injection pressures or polymerisation (cross-linking) reactions (e.g., chemical shrinkage). On that premise, this may also induce potential residual stress–strain, warpage, and design defects in the composite part. In this paper, a developed numerical framework is customised to analyse deformations and the residual stress–strain of fibre (at a micro-scale) and yarns (at a meso-scale) during a liquid composite moulding (LCM) process cycle (fill and cure stages). This is achieved by linking flow simulations (coupled filling–curing simulation) to a transient structural model using ANSYS software. This work develops advanced User-Defined Functions (UDFs) and User-Defined Scalers (UDSs) to enhance the commercial CFD code with extra models for chemorheology, cure kinetics, heat generation, and permeability. Such models will be hooked within the conservation equations in the thermo-chemo-flow model and hence reflected by the structural model. In doing so, the knowledge of permeability, polymerisation, rheology, and mechanical response can be digitally obtained for more coherent and optimised manufacturing processes of advanced composites.

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Residual Stress Analysis at the Conductor–Insulator Interface During the Curing Process of Hair-Pin Motors

Ma,

Gan,

Shang

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The curing process of hair-pin motor stator insulation is critical, as residual stress increases the risk of partial discharge and shortens a motor’s lifespan. However, studies on the stress-induced defects during insulation varnish curing remain limited. This research integrates three-dimensional numerical simulations and experimental analysis to develop a curing model based on unsaturated polyester imide resin, aiming to explore the mechanisms of residual stress formation and optimization strategies. A dual fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system is employed for simultaneous temperature and strain monitoring, while curing kinetics tests confirm the self-catalytic nature of the process and yield the corresponding kinetic equations. The multi-physics simulation model demonstrates strong agreement with the experimental data. The results show that optimizing the curing process reduces the maximum stress from 45.1 MPa to 38.6 MPa, effectively alleviating the stress concentration. These findings highlight the significant influence of the post-curing temperature phase on residual stress. The proposed model offers a reliable tool for stress prediction and process optimization in various insulating materials, providing valuable insights for motor insulation system design.

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Modelling of residual stress during curing of a polymer under autoclave conditions and experimental validation

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Synchronous vacuum hot pressing ultra-high performance geopolymers: Deformation behavior across temperatures

Synchronous vacuum hot pressing ultra-high performance geopolymers: Deformation behavior across temperatures

A Numerical Framework of Simulating Flow-Induced Deformation during Liquid Composite Moulding

Residual Stress Analysis at the Conductor–Insulator Interface During the Curing Process of Hair-Pin Motors

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