Modelling Particle Agglomeration on through Elastic Valves under Flow

Abstract

This work proposes a model of particle agglomeration in elastic valves replicating the geometry and the fluid dynamics of a venous valve. The fluid dynamics is simulated with Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics, the elastic leaflets of the valve with the Lattice Spring Model, while agglomeration is modelled with a 4-2 Lennard-Jones potential. All the models are combined together within a single Discrete Multiphysics framework. The results show that particle agglomeration occurs near the leaflets, supporting the hypothesis, proposed in previous experimental work, that clot formation in deep venous thrombosis is driven by the fluid dynamics in the valve.

Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model

“…Fluid inside the colon: SPH particles (liquid) Membrane: LSM particles (solid) "drain tank" "DCMDT" Further details on the DT and the simulation parameters are given in Section 2.2.2. For a general overview on the DMP theory and how it can be applied to a variety of applications such as biological flows and/or fluid-structure interactions [3,5,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27], solidification and dissolution [28][29][30], machine learning [31,32], and composite materials [33], the reader can refer to the available literature (e.g., DMP: [17,18], SPH: [34], LSM: [35][36][37]). For technical details and how it is applied to the large intestine, the reader is referred to Refs.…”

Platelet accumulation in an endothelium-coated elastic vein valve model of deep vein thrombosis is mediated by GPIbα—VWF interaction

“…In a recently published elegant study ( 28 ), authors demonstrated the initial formation of fibrin gel, followed by accumulation and activation of procoagulant platelets and thrombus growth in a microfluidics device, which combines biological (blood, tissue factor) and hemodynamic factors (valve leaflets steadily fixed at different angles) inducing thrombosis in a vein. We have recently reported a new microfluidics model with mobile valves and a pulsatile flow pattern typical for veins ( 29 ) and was validated by our in silico model ( 30 ). In the present study, we have developed a method to grow human endothelial cells on the entire surface of the channel including valve leaflets (Cellular Elastic Vein Valve model, CEVV chip).…”

Development of a digital twin of a tablet that mimics a real solid dosage form: Differences in the dissolution profile in conventional mini-USP II and a biorelevant colon model

“…This study uses a simulation technique called Discrete Multiphysics (DMP) (Alexiadis, 2015(Alexiadis, , 2014. DMP is a mesh-free technique that uses computational particles instead of computational grids and has been successfully used to model human organs: Ariane et al (2017aAriane et al ( , 2018aAriane et al ( , 2018bAriane et al ( , 2017b, Baksamawi et al (2021), Mohammed et al (2020Mohammed et al ( , 2021, Alexiadis (2015bAlexiadis ( , 2015aAlexiadis ( , 2019, Alexiadis et al (2017), and Schütt et al (2021, 2022. It couples particle-based methods such as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), Lattice Spring Model (LSM), and Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Peridynamics (Sanfilipo et al, 2021).…”