“…For future work, we plan to integrate aspects such as inventory or location into MDVRP modelling, for hazmat transportation. We will consider more realistic factors, e.g., evacuations (Yang, Liu and Yang 2020) during the process of hazmat transportation, more efficient algorithm (Vidal et al 2012;Zhang, Liu, and Lim 2015;Achamu, Berhan and Geremaw 2021), and analyse hazmat transportation risk using flexible mathematical programming models such as credibilistic programming (Li 2013;Tian and Guo 2021) or stochastic programming (Long, Szeto, and Ding 2019;Ma et al 2021). As the number of attributes that require addressing increases, it would be interesting to investigate how attribute evaluation techniques (Li et al 2018) may be utilised to prioritise the sequence in which different attributes are considered, to raise the efficiency of the overall modelling and solution process.…”