Modelling simple stellar populations in the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared with the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL)

Verro, Kristiina; Trager, S. C.; Peletier, Reynier F.; Lançon, A.; Arentsen, Anke; Chen, Y. P.; Coelho, P.; Dries, M.; Falcón-Barroso, J.; Gonneau, A.; Lyubenova, M.; Martins, Lucimara P.; Prugniel, Philippe; Sánchez‐Blázquez, P.; Vazdekis, A.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142387

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…The provided XSL abundance catalogue, which has an excellent parameter coverage for intermediate and old stellar populations and a wide metallicity range, follows the abundance pattern of the Galaxy. Therefore, stellar population models based on the XSL will provide predictions that follow the same pattern (Verro et al 2022a). However, the abundance ratios determined here are required for building up models with varying Mg and Ca abundances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Chemical characterisation of the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL): [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances

Santos-Peral

Sánchez-Blázquez

Vazdekis

et al. 2023

A&A

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Context. The X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL) is a large empirical stellar library used as a benchmark for the development of stellar population models. The inclusion of α-element abundances is crucial to disentangling the chemical evolution of any stellar system. Aims. The aim of this paper is to provide a catalogue of high-precision, accurate magnesium and calcium abundances from a wide variety of stars that are well distributed in the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram. Methods. We originally performed an analysis of the derived Mg and Ca abundances for medium-resolution spectra of 611 stars from the XSL Data Release 2. For this purpose, we used the GAUGUIN automated abundance estimation code to fit the ultravioletblue (UVB) and visible (VIS) spectra. We tested the consistency of the atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances with the Gaia DR3 and the AMBRE Project datasets. Results. We finally obtained precise [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances for 192 and 217 stars, respectively, from which 174 stars have measurements in both elements. The stars cover a broad effective temperature range of 4000 < T eff < 6500 K, surface gravity of 0.3 < log(g) < 4.8 cm s −2 , and metallicity of -2.5 < [Fe/H] < +0.4 dex. We find an excellent agreement with the abundance estimates from the AMBRE:HARPS and the Gaia-RVS (Radial Velocity Spectrometer) analysis. Moreover, the resulting abundances reproduce a plateau in the metal-poor regime followed by a decreasing trend even at supersolar metallicities, as predicted by Galactic chemical evolution models. Conclusions. This catalogue is suitable for improving the modelling of evolutionary stellar population models with empirical α enhancements, which could significantly contribute to the analysis of external galaxies' abundances in the near future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The XSL can be considered as a reference stellar library in the optical and NIR. Simple stellar population models based on the XSL were recently presented by Verro et al (2022a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterisation of the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL): [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances

Santos-Peral

Sánchez-Blázquez

Vazdekis

et al. 2023

A&A

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“…They contain stellar spectra of a number of pre-selected stars in different wavelength regimes (UV, visible, NIR), a variety of spectral resolutions, and with varied attention to flux calibration. Examples include a library of stellar spectra by Jacoby et al (1984), XSHOOTER (Verro et al 2022a), MILES (Sánchez-Blázquez et al 2006), Indo-US (Valdes et al 2004), IRTF (Cesetti et al 2013), ELODIE (Soubiran et al 1998;Prugniel et al 2007), Lick (Worthey et al 1994(Worthey et al , 2014, and UVES-POP (Bagnulo et al 2003) libraries. Such libraries are often incorporated into stellar population synthesis models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spectral resolution and wavelength coverage vary among the various existing libraries (c.f. Table 1 of Verro et al 2022a), but none of them extend shortward of 300 nm into the ultraviolet (UV) regime except those of and Fanelli et al (1990), who present 172 and 218 stellar spectra, respectively, observed by the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE). An important motivation for the present HST-based library is to relieve the relative scarcity of spectral data in the UV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HST Low Resolution Stellar Library

Pal¹,

Khan²,

Worthey³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hubble Space Telescope's (HST) Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) targeted 556 stars in a long-running program called Next Generation Spectral Library (NGSL) via proposals GO9088, GO9786, GO10222, and GO13776. Exposures through three low resolution gratings provide wavelength coverage from 0.2 < λ < 1 µm at λ/∆λ ∼ 1000, providing unique coverage in the ultraviolet (UV). The UV grating (G230LB) scatters red light and this results in unwanted flux that becomes especially troubling for cool stars. We applied scattered light corrections based on Worthey et al. (2022a) and flux corrections arising from pointing errors relative to the center of the 0. 2 slit. We present 514 fully reduced spectra, fluxed, dereddened, and cross-correlated to zero velocity. Because of the broad spectral range, we can simultaneously study Hα and Mg II λ2800, indicators of chromospheric activity. Their behaviors are decoupled. Besides three cool dwarfs and one giant with mild flares in Hα, only Be stars show strong Hα emission. Mg2800 emission, however, strongly anti-correlates with temperature such that warm stars show absorption and stars cooler than 5000K universally show chromospheric emission regardless of dwarf/giant status or metallicity. Transformed to Mg2800 flux emerging from the stellar surface, we find a correlation with temperature with approximately symmetric astrophysical scatter, in contrast to other workers who find a basal level with asymmetric scatter to strong values. Unsurprisingly, we confirm that Mg2800 activity is variable.

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“…For example, the MILES library (Sánchez-Blázquez et al 2006) was used to compute simple stellar population (SSP) spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in the optical wavelength range with comprehensive metallicity coverage (Vazdekis et al 2010;Falcón-Barroso et al 2011). There are many other examples, such as Bruzual & Charlot (2003), Verro et al (2022b), Le Borgne et al (2004), Vazdekis et al (2012), and Worthey et al (2022b). On a star-by-star basis, libraries can be used to infer stellar parameters like T eff , g log , and [Fe/H] (e.g., Wu et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HST Low-resolution Stellar Library

Pal

Khan

Worthey

et al. 2023

ApJS

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In order to provide fundamental stellar spectra that extend into the UV, Hubble Space Telescope’s Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph targeted 556 stars via proposals GO9088, GO9786, GO10222, and GO13776. Exposures through three low-resolution gratings provide wavelength coverage from 0.2 < λ < 1 μm at λ/Δλ ∼ 1000. The UV grating (G230LB) scatters red light that results in unwanted signal, especially in cool stars. We applied scattered-light corrections and flux corrections arising from pointing errors relative to the center of the 0.″2 slit based on Worthey et al. We present 513 fully reduced stellar spectra, fluxed, dereddened, and cross correlated to zero velocity. Because of the broad spectral range, we can simultaneously study Hα and Mg ii λ2800, indicators of chromospheric activity. Their behaviors are decoupled. Besides three cool dwarfs and one giant with mild flares in Hα, only Be stars show strong Hα emission. Mg2800 emission, however, strongly anticorrelates with temperature such that warm stars show absorption and stars cooler than 5000 K universally show chromospheric emission regardless of dwarf/giant status or metallicity. Transformed to Mg2800 flux emerging from the stellar surface, we find a correlation with temperature with approximately symmetric astrophysical scatter. Previous work had indicated a basal level with asymmetric scatter to strong values. The discrepancy is primarily due to our improved treatment of extinction. We confirm statistically significant time variability in Mg2800 strength for one star.

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Modelling simple stellar populations in the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared with the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL)

Cited by 23 publications

References 128 publications

Chemical characterisation of the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL): [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances

Chemical characterisation of the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL): [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] abundances

HST Low Resolution Stellar Library

HST Low-resolution Stellar Library

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