Modelling Spanish black pine seedling emergence: Establishing management strategies for endangered forest areas

Lucas‐Borja, Manuel Esteban; Fonseca, Teresa; Parresol, Bernard R.; Silva-Santos, Pedro; Morote, Francisco Antonio García; Tíscar-Oliver, Pedro A.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.03.023

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ordóñez et al (2004) reported increasing germination figures in Pinus nigra under closed canopy in typically Mediterranean locations in the Eastern Iberian Peninsula. Similar results were reported by Lucas-Borja et al (2011). However, Castro et al (2005) observed decreasing germination rates in dense stands of Pinus sylvestris in mountainous locations of the Iberian Peninsula.…”

Section: Ecological and Management Implicationssupporting

confidence: 82%

A silviculture-oriented spatio-temporal model for germination in Pinus pinea L. in the Spanish Northern Plateau based on a direct seeding experiment

Manso

Calama²,

Madrigal³

et al. 2013

Eur J Forest Res

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Natural regeneration in Pinus pinea stands commonly fails throughout the Spanish Northern Plateau under current intensive regeneration treatments. As a result, extensive direct seeding is commonly conducted to guarantee regeneration occurrence. In a period of rationalization of the resources devoted to forest management, this kind of techniques may become unaffordable. Given that the climatic and stand factors driving germination remain unknown, tools are required to understand the process and temper the use of direct seeding. In this study, the spatio-temporal pattern of germination of P. pinea was modelled with those purposes. The resulting findings will allow us to (1) determine the main ecological variables involved in germination in the species and (2) infer adequate silvicultural alternatives. The modelling approach focuses on covariates which are readily available to forest managers. A two-step nonlinear mixed model was fitted to predict germination occurrence and abundance in P. pinea under varying climatic, environmental and stand conditions, based on a germination data set covering a 5-year period. The results obtained reveal that the process is primarily driven by climate variables. Favourable conditions for germination commonly occur in fall although the optimum window is often narrow and may not occur at all in some years. At spatial level, it would appear that germination is facilitated by high stand densities, suggesting that current felling intensity should be reduced. In accordance with other studies on P. pinea dispersal, it seems that denser stands during the regeneration period will reduce the present dependence on direct seeding.

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Section: Ecological and Management Implicationssupporting

confidence: 82%

A silviculture-oriented spatio-temporal model for germination in Pinus pinea L. in the Spanish Northern Plateau based on a direct seeding experiment

Manso

Calama²,

Madrigal³

et al. 2013

Eur J Forest Res

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“…Twenty seeds collected in local Spanish black pine stands were sown 1 cm deep per sowing point in April 2012 and again in April 2013 (the same subplot was sown in both years). In-lab germination tests to evaluate the potential germination rates of the seeds used in 2012 and 2013 found no differences, with germination rates reaching about 85 % (see Lucas-Borja et al 2011 for details on the controlled seed germination procedure).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Rodríguez-García et al 2011). Lucas-Borja et al (2011) recommend soil preparation combined with moderate or dense basal area intervals (from 25 to 40 m 2 ha −1 ) during the uniform opening of the tree canopy for Spanish black pine (P. nigra Arn. ssp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii seedling recruitment is affected by stand basal area, shrub cover and climate interactions

Lucas‐Borja

Candel-Pérez

Morote

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message Shrub cover has visible effects on Pinus nigra Arn ssp. salzmannii seedling emergence, but only in drier years under moderate basal area (25-30 m 2 ha −1 ). In the wetter year, shrub cover favours seedling survival without basal area influence. & Context Shrubs are known to favour tree seedling recruitment in difficult climate environments, but facilitation may prove optimal in intermediate-level rather than harsh conditions, although such an effect remains to be specified. & Aims The main aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of stand basal area (15-20, 25-30 and 35-40 m 2 ha −1 ) × with/without shrub facilitation on seedling recruitment in Spanish black pine (P. nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii), which has been struggling to regenerate natural forests since the late nineteenth century, sometimes jeopardizing stand persistence. & Methods In spring 2012 and 2013, 72 subplots of 25 × 25 cm were established in Cuenca Mountains, centraleastern Spain (four replicates, each counting three subplots × 2 shrub conditions, both under and outside shrub cover, in three different stand basal areas). All plots were randomly distributed at least 500 m apart within each stand basal area. Each subplot comprised 20 seeds previously collected at the experimental forest site. Seedling emergence and early survival were monitored every month in 2012 and 2013. Handling Editor: Laurent BergèsContribution of the co-authors ME Lucas-Borja and D Candel-Pérez conceived the research, obtained the field data, run the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. PA Tíscar, T Onkelinx and P Balandier run the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. FA García Morote obtained the field data and wrote the manuscript.

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“…This understanding might be of greater importance in a climate change scenario, which implies rising temperatures and altered rainfall patterns in several Mediterranean-type forest ecosystems [26]. In this respect, there is increasing concern about the long-term persistence of some managed Mediterranean mountain pinewoods, which exhibit limited regeneration dynamics [2,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…salzmannii Dunal (Franco) (P. nigra hereafter) is a Mediterranean mountain pine, commonly harvested [28], and its forests are included in the European Union list of natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures. Several small-scale studies have shown that P. nigra regeneration frequently fails under natural conditions, particularly in open microhabitats, but it is unknown whether such lack of regeneration is a common pattern at the regional scale [6,9,27]. The species is widely distributed along the eastern mountain ranges of the Iberian Peninsula.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Regeneration Patterns of Pinus nigra Subsp. salzmannii: Poor Evidence of Increasing Facilitation Across a Drought Gradient

Tíscar

Linares

2013

Forests

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Tree recruitment is a key process underlying stand dynamics and sustainability in managed forests. Woody plant cover is known to affect the regeneration success of Pinus nigra, suggesting the existence of facilitative plant-plant interactions. The regeneration patterns of this Mediterranean pine were analyzed across its distribution area, using data from 3226 plots of the Spanish National Forest Inventory. We aimed to test the hypothesis that seedlings establishment occurs under higher values of either canopy or shrub cover in the driest populations, as predicted by the stress-gradient hypothesis. Data were analyzed by means of Generalized Linear Models and multivariate methods. Results revealed that regeneration failure occurs on a regional scale, and that regeneration is facilitated by tree canopy cover of 55%-80%. A non-linear pattern of interaction along an aridity gradient was identified, with competition at the wettest site, high facilitation at the mid-dry sites, and low facilitation at the driest site. Evidence suggests that some shrub species may facilitate recruitment in the harsher areas. Collectively, our results reduce the possibilities of adapting forest management to drying climates by the application of alternative silvicultural prescriptions involving canopy cover.

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Modelling Spanish black pine seedling emergence: Establishing management strategies for endangered forest areas

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

A silviculture-oriented spatio-temporal model for germination in Pinus pinea L. in the Spanish Northern Plateau based on a direct seeding experiment

A silviculture-oriented spatio-temporal model for germination in Pinus pinea L. in the Spanish Northern Plateau based on a direct seeding experiment

Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii seedling recruitment is affected by stand basal area, shrub cover and climate interactions

Large-Scale Regeneration Patterns of Pinus nigra Subsp. salzmannii: Poor Evidence of Increasing Facilitation Across a Drought Gradient

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